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1、当前为打印模式 TEXT DTEXT DIt has always been difficult for the philosopher or scientists to fit time into his view of the universe. Prior to Einsteinian physics, there was no truly adequate formulation of the relationship of time to the other forces in the universe, even though some empirical equations in
2、cluded time qualities. However, even the Einsteinian formulation is not perhaps totally adequate to the job of fitting time into the proper relationship with the other dimensions, as they are called, of space. The primary problem arises in relation to things that might be going faster than the speed
3、 of light, or have other strange properties,Examination of the Lorentz-Fitsgerald formulas yields the interesting speculation that if something did actually exceed the speed of light it would have its mass expressed as an imaginary number and would seem to be going backwards in time. The barrier to
4、exceeding the speed of light is the apparent need to have an infinite quantity of mass moved at exactly the speed of light. If this situation could be leaped over in a large quantum jump-which seems highly unlikely for masses that are large in normal circumstances-then the other side may he achievab
5、le.The idea of going backward in time is derived from the existence of a time vector that is negative, although just what this might mean to our senses in the unlikely circumstance of our experiencing this state cannot be conjectured.There have been, in fact, some observations of particle chambers w
6、hich have led some scientists to speculate that a particle called the tachyon may exist with the trans-light properties we have just discussed.The difficulties of imagining and coping with these potential implications of our mathematical models points out the importance of studying alternative metho
7、ds of notation for advanced physics. Professor Zuckerandl, in his book Sound and Symbol, hypothesized that it might be better to express the relationships bund in quantum mechanics through the use of a notation derived from musical notations. To oversimplify greatly, he argues that music has always
8、given time a special relationship to other factors or parameters or dimensions. Therefore, it might be a more useful language in which to express the relationships in physics where time again has a special role to play, and cannot be treated as just another dimension.The point of this, or any other
9、alternative to the current methods of describing basic physical processes, is that time does not appear-either by common experience or sophisticated scientific understanding-to be the same sort of dimension or parameter as physical dimensions, as is deserving of completely special treatment, in a sy
10、stem of notation designed to accomplish that goal.One approach would be to consider time to be a field effect governed by the application of energy to mass that is to say, by the interaction of different forms of energy, if you wish to keep in mind the equivalence of mass and energy. The movement of
11、 any normal sort of mass is bound to produce a field effect that we call positive time. An imaginary mass would produce a negative time field effect. This is not at variance with Einsteins theories, since the “faster“ a given mass moves the more energy was applies to it and the greater would be the
12、field effect The time effects predicted by Einstein and confirm by experience are, it seems, consonant with this concept. (565)1. The passage supports the inference that _. A. Einsteins theory of relativity is wrong B. the Lorentz-Fitzgerald formulas contradict Einsteins theories C. time travel is d
13、early possible D. it is impossible to travel at precisely the speed of light A B C D D 推理判断题。从第二段的后两句 The barrier to exceeding the speed of light is the apparent need to have an infinite quantity of mass moved at exactly the speed of lightIf this situation could be leaped over in a large quantum jum
14、p-which seems highly unlikely for masses that are large in normal circum- stances-then the other side may be achievable可知超越光速的最大障碍就是 要使物体以与光速完全相同的速度运动。如果解决了这个问题，超越光速才有可能实现， 但是作者也指出，这种可能性是很小的。 2. The tone of the passage is _. A. critical but hopeful B. hopeful but suspicious C. suspicious but specula
15、tive D. speculative but hopeful A B C D D 观点态度题。文中作者谈到了数种理论推理，无论是数学模型，还是源于音乐的标注方法， 作者都指出了它们解决这一问题的可能性及存在的障碍，作者的态度总的来说还是比较乐 观的，因此，D 项是正确的。 3. Which of the following can be best described as the central idea of the passage? A. Anomalies in theoretical physics notation permit intriguing hypotheses and
16、indicate the need for refined notation of the time dimension. B. New observations require the development of new theories and new methods of describing the new theories. C. Einsteinian physics can be much improved in its treatment of tachyons. D. Time requires a more imaginative approach than tachyons. A B C D A 主旨大意题。有关 tachyons 的讨论仅仅是文章涉及的一小部分，因此可以排除 C、D
