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1、河南科技大学硕士学位论文基于层次SDG-HAZOP的火电厂安全评价建模方法研究姓名：张佩申请学位级别：硕士专业：计算机应用技术指导教师：杨宗霄;张春阳摘 要 I论文题目：基于层次论文题目：基于层次 SDG-HAZOP 的火电厂安全评价建模方法研究 的火电厂安全评价建模方法研究 专 业：计算机应用技术 专 业：计算机应用技术 研 究 生：张研 究 生：张 佩 佩 指导教师：杨宗霄指导教师：杨宗霄 教授 张春阳 副教授 教授 张春阳 副教授 摘 要 摘 要 火电厂属于过程工业中危险性较高的行业之一，伴随其生产过程自动化程度和复杂性的日益增加，突发事件的发生频率也呈迅速上升趋势。因此，对火电厂实施安
2、全评价就显得尤为必要。安全评价通过分析工业生产过程中潜在的危险源，从而对事故进行事先评估，并制定合理化的防范措施，以便有效地预防和控制事故的发生和蔓延。 本文在基于符号有向图(SDG)的火电厂安全评价建模方法这一国内技术空白领域进行探索研究，通过将 SDG 的建模技术、层次分析法(AHP)的递阶层次结构和危险与可操作性分析(HAZOP)的方法三者进行深度结合，提出了一种基于层次 SDG-HAZOP 安全评价建模方法。首先，引入 AHP 递阶层次结构的概念，针对工业系统火电厂的生产设备，划分了层次结构模型，即将整个系统划分成小的设备单元。接下来，从系统的递阶层次结构出发，对层次 SDG-HAZO
3、P 建模方法进行了详细说明，并阐述了设备单元整合成系统整体模型的细节问题。然后，结合图论的相关知识，论述了层次 SDG-HAZOP 推理策略的具体算法实现。并对 AHP 实现建模定量的相关问题进行了分析，以简化推理结果。 在上述理论基础上，采用 Visual C+6.0 编程技术，并结合 SQL Server 2000的数据库技术，开发了相应的软件，实现了计算机辅助建模和推理。最后，将该方法应用于火电厂生产设备的实例燃煤储运系统，建立了相应的安全评价模型，并进行推理。实际应用结果表明，该方法可以挖掘出系统潜在的故障，为过程工业提供科学的建模方法。本文所提出的方法可为企业进行安全评价分析，并制定
4、相应安全防范措施和管理决策提供科学依据和技术手段。 关 键 词：关 键 词：火电厂安全评价，SDG-HAZOP，层次分析法(AHP)，图论，计算机辅助建模 论文类型：论文类型：应用基础研究 摘要 IISubject: Studies on Safety Assessment Modeling using Hierarchical SDG-HAZOP for Thermal Power Plant Specialty: Computer Application Technology Name: Zhang Pei Supervisor: Yang Zongxiao Professor Zhang
5、 Chunyang Associate Professor ABSTRACT Thermal power plant is one of the high-risk industries in the process industries. With the increase of the automation degree and complexity in the production process, the occurrence frequency of sudden events shows a trend of escalation. So, it is necessary to
6、carry out safety assessment for thermal power plant. By means of analyzing the potential hazard in the process of industrial production, safety assessment can assess the accidents in advance. Then the reasonable precautionary measures can be drawn up to prevent the accident and control the occurrenc
7、e and spread of it. In this paper, the exploratory research is carried on with respect to the modeling approach based on signed directed graph (SDG) for thermal power plant which is still a country blank field. A new approach combining the SDG modeling technique, the hierarchy structure of analytica
8、l hierarchy process (AHP) and the hazard and operability study (HAZOP) method, named hierarchical SDG-HAZOP modeling for safety assessment, is presented in this paper. First, this approach introduces the concept of the hierarchy structure of AHP, and it is used to divide the production equipments fo
9、r thermal power plant into several hierarchies. Secondly, from the hierarchy structure of the system, the method of hierarchical SDG-HAZOP modeling is introduced and how to make equipment unit models into system model is explained. Then the algorithm implementation of the reasoning strategy is discu
10、ssed by combining the relevant knowledge of graph theory. The problems of AHP quantification modeling is analyzed to simply the reasoning results. On the basis of these theory, the Visual C+6.0 programming technique and SQL Server 2000 database are combined together to develop the software in order
11、to achieve the computer-aided modeling and reasoning. Finally, the proposed approach is applied to the example of the production equipments for thermal power plantcoal 摘要 IIIconveying system. The safety assessment model is constructed, and the reasoning is implemented. The application results show t
12、hat the approach can search for the potential danger of systems and provide a scientific modeling approach for process industries. The proposed method can provide scientific basis and technological means for enterprise safety analysis, establishing precautionary measures and management policies. KEY
13、 WORDS ： Safety assessment for thermal power plant, SDG-HAZOP, Analytical hierarchy process (AHP), Graph theory, Computer-aided modeling Dissertation Type：Foundation Research for Applications 缩略语词汇表 58 缩略语词汇表 缩略语词汇表 SA Safety Assessment 安全评价 SDG Signed Directed Graph 符号有向图 HAZOP Hazard and Operabili
14、ty Study 危险与可操作性分析 FD Fault Diagnosis 故障诊断 AHP Analytical Hierarchy Process 层次分析法 SSE System Safety Engineering 系统安全工程 SCL Safety Check List 安全检查表 FTA Fault Tree Analysis 事故树分析 ETA Event Tree Analysis 事件树分析 FMEA Failure Mode & Effect Analysis 故障类型及影响分析 PHA Predictive Hazard Analysis 危险性预先分析 DFS Depth First Search 深度优先搜索 BFS Breadth First Search 广度优先搜索 第 1 章 绪论 1第1章 绪论 第1章 绪论 1.1 课题来源 课题来源 本课题来源于国家自然科学基金资助项目工业系统安全评价的系统功能论研究及应用(70671035)中的子课题。 1.2
