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1、下载之前请注意： 1:版权归原作者所有。如果有问题，请尽快和我联系 2：如果遇到文件中有些地方图片显示不出来的，可能是文档转换过程中 出现的问题，请和我联系，我将图片发送给你，给你带来的不便表示抱歉 ！请邮箱联系： 欧亨利短篇小说的艺术结尾与人性体现Abstract O. Henry, one of the three most famous short-story writers in the world, enjoys equal status with Chekhov and Maupassant. Some critics called him “the founder of Amer
2、ican stories.” Exquisite plot, wry humor and twist ending dominate his works. The main stream of his works is eulogy of humanity and his many classical works are notable. This thesis mainly analyses the twist ending and the humanity of characters in O. Henrys short stories. With his humorous, ironic
3、al and comic writing style, O. Henry reveals the humanity from the twist ending. Part one is on the humanity of characters reflected from the twist ending. O. Henry shows sympathy for the poor social underdogs, upgrades human virtues as well as exposes human defeats. However, the previous human natu
4、re elicits the sudden twist ending. It not only gives the readers sudden fall but also makes us think plausibly. Part two is on the effect of twist ending writing devices on the humanity of characters. It mainly contains the writing background of ending which lights up the humanity of characters and
5、 the plot making technique of twist ending. In a capitalist society, the specific characters are the special society. They also foretell the fate ending. Furthermore, the cultivation of the plot and the surprise ending gives us a new open sight. Part three is about some comments on the twist ending.
6、 Some critics considered wry humor as “Smile with Tears,” or “Tears with Smile.” This part elevates the charm of the theme. In a word, the twist ending directs readers to think about the humanity. Meanwhile, the humanity elevates the artistic twist ending. This thesis on O. Henrys short stories will
7、 improve literary learning. More than that it will attract more people to pay attention to O. Henrys works. Key words: Twist ending; Humanity; Wry humor; Smile with tear中文摘要 作为世界三大小说家之一,欧亨利与契诃夫和莫泊桑齐名。他是美国现代 短篇小说的开创者,他的作品因其奇巧的艺术构思、出其不意的结尾而著 称。其中歌颂人性的小说是欧亨利文学创作的主流,并且许多作品已成为 家喻户晓的名篇。同时涌现出许多感人至深的经典人物。表现
8、了作家对人 性理想的执著追求。 本文从欧亨利短篇小说的艺术结尾与人性层面分析。作者运用了幽默、 讽刺的喜剧手段揭示了关于善恶的人性主题及其出奇不意的结尾,让主题 升华。第一部分,从艺术结尾中折射的人性特点出发。欧亨利同情下层人 民,赞颂人性的闪光点“自我牺牲”、善良、真挚、无私等美德，以及人性 的丑陋一面。还有资本主义社会所特有的自私、贪婪、冷酷等。这些为艺 术结尾作了铺垫,使读者被其出奇不意的结尾所震撼,同时其结尾在情理之 中。第二部分,作者如何将艺术结尾表现在人性上,从两方面入手:社会背 景所反映的人性特征和作者奇巧的谋篇布局。在资本主义社会,人物具有 典型的性格特征,这些都预示了他们的结
9、局。而作者通过各种手法将其跃 然纸上。第三部分,评论小说的艺术结尾,作者的作品也曾被认为是庸俗的 小说,但他们忽视了艺术结尾所饱含的荒诞与幽默所产生的“含笑带泪”和 “含泪带笑”的艺术效果。总之,艺术结尾激发了人们对人性特点深思,而 人性特点又升华了艺术结尾,对读者的心灵产生了持久的震撼力。 本文对欧亨利及其短篇小说进行的研究，对本人今后的文学路有一定的 帮助。而且，可以让更多的人关注到欧亨利。 关键词: 艺术结尾; 人性; 幽默; 带泪的微笑. Introduction O. Henry, originally named William Sydney Porter, is a distin
10、guished American storywriter. He wrote more than 300 short stories in his life. His stories are full of colorful characters most of whom are derived from his inclination to wander streets and parks, and to talk to people of every kind and condition. And all of his stories are ingeniously conceived,
11、with the endings always contrary to readers expectations. Though his stories endings are always surprising, yet it is not beyond reason, for both ways conform well to the logic of life. He creates an original, typically American democratic form of short stories with, at its best, a valuable critical
12、 awareness of life and society tellingly expressed through humor. Therefore, some critics call him “the founder of American stories“. Being gifted with humor and a keen awareness of details, he objectively shows us what America looks like. As his experience shows, the majority people he met in his d
13、aily life are those lower class in society - clerks, policemen, and waitresses. All his stories putting together constitute a true panorama of American life, or as someone said, “The encyclopedia of American life“. 1(P61) O. Henrys trademark is the surprising ending that each of his stories contains
14、. He sets a story moving in one direction, and just when the reader is convinced of the general direction of the narrative, the story will be completely reversed. And if we look back to the total story, the ending seems logical and plausible. As a “plot-maker”, and designer of incident, he is an ama
15、zing genius. No one can do better than him to holds the reader in “suspense”. More than that, the reader scarcely knows that he is suspended until the very close of the story. Just as turns on the lights and the whole tale is revealed in its entirety. 2He uses this device of dramatic and humorous ef
16、fect in the short story collection The Four Million which including “The Ransom of Red Chief ”, “The Gift of the Magi ”, and “The Cop and the Anthem”, “the Service of Love”, “The last Leaf.” At the same time he uses irony and satire to disclose the essence of American society: the weak are the prey of the strong, which is regarded as the law of the jungle universally. In addition, right
