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1、综合教程第三册综合教程第三册-上海外语教育出版社上海外语教育出版社 2011 年年 06 月第月第 2 版版An Integrated English Course Book IIIUnit 3 Out of StepLanguage Work Paragraphs 1-6 1. sedate a. calm, serious and formal e.g. She is a sedate old lady; she is caring but never talks much. The fight against a nuclear power station site has transf
2、ormed a normally sedate town into a battlefield. v. make calm or sleepy, esp. with a drug e.g. The patient was heavily sedated and resting quietly in bed. Derivation: sedately (ad.), sedation (n.), sedative (a., n.)2. compact: n. kmpkt agreement between parties; contract; covenant; adj. kmpktclosely
3、 packed together; neatly fitted; (of literary style) condensed 包扎紧密的；致密的；恰好合适的； 简洁的 Thousands of crates compacted in a warehouse. 数以千计的板条箱堆放在仓库里。 Heat and lack of rain have compacted the soil. 高热少雨使土壤固结。 adj.装填紧密的, 整齐填满的 It was a compact package. 这是个捆得很紧的包裹。 Stamp the soil down so that its compact.
4、把泥土踩结实。3. virtually：adv.being in fact, acting as, what is described, but not accepted openly or in name as such 实际上; 事实上 He was virtually a prisoner. 他实际上是个囚犯。 The job was virtually completed by the end of the week. 到周末时这项工作差不多完成了。4. eccentric a. (of people or behavior) unconventional and slightly s
5、trange The old gentleman, who lived alone all his life, was said to have some eccentric habits. n. a person of unconventional and slightly strange views or behavior The old gentleman enjoyed a colorful reputation as an engaging eccentric.5. pull up: bring or come to a stop The driver pulled up when
6、he came to the traffic lights. He pulled up his car at the entrance.6. curb n. (British English: kerb) a line of raised stones separating the footpath from the road v./ n. ( place) a control or limit on sth. undesirable Poor nutrition can curb a childs development both physically and mentally. There
7、 will be now curbs on drunk-driving from next month.7. decline: refuse (sth offered); continue to become smaller, weaker, lower; go down; n. declining; gradual and continued loss of strength To decline an invitation to dinner He declined to discuss his plan with the newspaper men. A declining birth
8、rate Fall into a decline” lose strength On the declineParagraphs 7-13 8 habituate v. accustom by frequent repetition or prolonged exposure You must habituate yourself to reading aloud. By the end of the school term, the students had been habituated / accustomed / used to rising at five oclock.9. con
9、tortion n. a twisted position or movement that looks surprising or strange The spectators cannot but admire the contortions of the gymnasts. Derivation: contort v. cause sth. to twist out of its natural shape and looks strange or unttractive Comparison: distort, twist, deform, contort the term also
10、applies to verbal or pictorial misrepresentation and to alteration or perversion of the meaning of sth. e.g. The human understanding is like a false mirror, which, receiving rays irregularly distorts and discolors the nature of things by mingling its own nature with it. (Francis Bacon). twist Twist
11、applies to distortion of form or meaning. e.g. a mouth twisted with pain He accused me of twisting his words to mean what I wanted them to. deform If you deform sth., or if it deforms, its usual shape changes so that its usefulness or appearance is spoiled. e.g. Great erosion deformed the landscape.
12、 The earlier part of his discourse was deformed by pedantic divisions and subdivisions. contort If you contort sth., or if it contorts, it twists out of its normal shape and looks strange or unattractive. e.g. a face contorted with rage; a contorted line of reasoning. warp Warp can refer to a turnin
13、g or twisting from a flat or straight form. e.g. The floorboards had warped over the years.It also can imply influencing sb. in a way that has a harmful effect on how they think or behave. e.g. Prejudice warps the judgment.10 extravagant: exceeding reasonable bounds 过度的, 过分的, 放肆的 Dont be so extravag
14、ant, spend your money more carefully. 不要如此挥霍, 花钱要仔细点。 He is extravagant in behaviour. 他行为放肆。Paragraphs 14-20 11 bring sth. home to sb.: make sb. realize sth. e.g. The news report has brought home to us all the plight of the prisoners of war. Comparison: drive sth. home to sb., hit / strike home driv
15、e sth. home to sb.: make sb. realize sth., esp. by saying it often, loudly, angrily, etc. e.g. The professor drove home to them that they must finish the writing assignment by Friday. hit / strike home: (of remarks, etc.) have the intended (often painful) effect e.g. You could see from his expressio
16、n that her sarcastic comments had hit/stricken home.12 entertain v. consider an idea, etc. or allow yourself to think that sth. might happen or be true e.g. He refused to entertain our proposal. entertain ideas, doubts, etc 13 negotiate v. get over or past (an obstacle, etc.) successfully; manage to travel along a difficult route e.g. The only way to negotiate the path is on foot. Frank Mariano negotiates the dessert terrain in his battered pick
