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1、 - 1 -中考考点十二:主谓一致中考考点十二:主谓一致一就近原则一就近原则 1. 由并列结构或连词(eitheror, neithernor,notbut, not onlybut also, or 等) 连接的并列主语,谓语动词与较近的那个名词或代词保持一致。 Neither his parents nor Tom_(be) at home. 2. 在倒装句和 there be 句型中,谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。 There _(be) a book and some pens on the desk. There _(come) the bus. 3. 在定语从句中,关系代词作
2、主语,其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。 I know the man who_(be) talking to my father. 4. 在强调句中,连接代词又在句中作主语,这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。It is Marys brother who_(be) injured in the car accident yesterday. 二意义一致原则二意义一致原则 1. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入 along with,with,as well as,together with, besides,except, but, including 等短语时 ,谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。
3、 I along with my sister_(be) going to Shanghai next month. 2. 由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。What I want to say _(be) just “ Take care!”. 3. “+ (of) +名词”作主语时,若“of”后的名词为单数(不可数名词),则谓语动词用单数, 如果名词为复数,则谓语动词用复数。 Most of the water here _(be) clean. 80% cotton _have) been sent to America.80% Half of the ap
4、ples _(be) red. 6. 词组“a number of”作主语时,谓语动词应用复数;“the number of”作主语时,谓语动词用 单数。 A number of ancient buildings _ (be) destroyed in the war. The number of the visitors _ (have) decreased this year. 7. 英语的集体名词(family, public, group, team, class 等词),指代“整体”时为单数;指代 “其中的各成员”则为复数。 My family _(be) very poor wh
5、en I was a little girl My family _(be) all looking forward for your coming. 三整体原则三整体原则 1. 从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时谓语动词用单数。 When to leave _(be) not been decided. Watching TV too much _(be) bad for your eyes. 注:注:如果主语是两个(或两个以上)的名词性从句,谓语动词常用复数。 What he said and what he did _(be) always different last night . 2.
6、 如果两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念作主语时,谓语动词须用单数。 The novelist and poet _(be) going to Europe next year. The novelist and the poet_(be) going to Europe next year. 3. 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时,通常被视作整体,谓语动词用单数。 10 minutes is enough. 4.加减乘除等数学运算谓语动词通常用单数。- 2 -2 and 3 _5. 5.“the +姓氏名词的复数”表示“一家人、.夫妇”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 The Black
7、s _(enjoy) working in China. 四个体原则四个体原则 1. every +.and every +.或 each+and each +作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 Every man and every woman _(be) busy at working. 2. 英语句中的 each, either, neither 等词,作代词充当主语,修饰名词作主语时,谓语 动词用单数。 Neither of us _(have) been abroad. Neither answer _(be) wrong . 3. 由 some, any every, no 构成的复合
8、词(somebody,nobody,everything,anything 等)作 主语时,谓语动词用单数。 Somebody _(be)waiting for you at the school gate. 4. 成双成对出现的复数名词(glasses,shoes,trousers,pants,gloves 等)作主语时,通常 谓语动词用复数,但前面有 a /the pair of;a /the suit of 等词语时,则谓语动词要与量词 (pair, suit, piece )在单复数上保持一致。 A pair of scissors_(be) useful tool for a dre
9、ssmaker. Two pieces of paper _(be ) on the desk . 5. 以复数形式出现,却表示单数意义(maths, physics, news )谓语用单数。Maths_(be) my favorite subject. 6.“the +形容词(old /young /rich /poor )”表示“一类人”,作主语时,谓语用复数。The young _(like) listening to popular songs . 7.“the +姓氏的复数” 表示“某某夫妇,某某一家人”,作主语时,谓语用复数。The Greens _(be)having lunch now.