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1、第 1 页 共 19 页定语从句精讲精练定语从句精讲精练介词介词+关系代词引导关系代词引导的定语从句的定语从句第一部分第一部分 精讲精讲介词介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句【知识点知识点 1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是 which 或或 whom，构成介词，构成介词+which（指物）；介词（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。（指人）两种结构。【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.【例】The service about which the students
2、complain a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.【知识点知识点 2】直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。位
3、于关系代词之前时，可省。【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner.【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from.【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.
4、【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.【知识点知识点 3】第 2 页 共 19 页关系副词关系副词 when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词可以相应地转化为：介词+which 结构。结构。【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago.=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club?=Do
5、 you remember the day on which you joined our club?【例】I dont know the reason why he said so.=I dont know the reason for which he said so.【知识点知识点 4】有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：后，不提前：【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.【例】The numb
6、er of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.【知识点知识点 5】注意复杂介词短语+which 或 whom 引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen. 【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students.【知识点知识点 6】不定代词不定代词+of+ which/
7、 whom 引导的定语从句可化为引导的定语从句可化为 of+ which/ whom+ 不不定代词定代词 结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有 some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。等等。【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）第 3 页 共 19 页like English.【例】These are books
8、written by Mark Twain, one of which（=of which one）was read to me by my father【例】She has two sons, neither of whom（=of whom neither）is a teacher.【例】She has many books, none of which(=of which none) is interesting.【知识点知识点 7】关系代词关系代词 whose+名词名词 引导的定语从句可转化为引导的定语从句可转化为 the+名词名词+of+ which / whom 或或 of+ wh
9、ich/whom+ the +名词名词结构；结构；of 表所属关系。表所属关系。【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken.=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.【例】This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.= This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is e
10、xcellent.= This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent.【知识点知识点 8】由介词由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：略为：介词介词+ which/whom+ to do 结构。结构。【例】I have a small room in which I live in.=I have a small room in which to live.=I have a small room to live in.【例】He has a
11、good friend to whom he can turn for help.=He has a good friend to whom to turn for help.第 4 页 共 19 页=He has a good friend to turn to for help.【知识点知识点 9】介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。子意思。【例】He used to live in London, from where he came from.【例】He graduated from B
12、eijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.【知识点知识点 10】如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。语部分与介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。【例】The picture _which he paid $100 was once owned by a king.【析】定语从句谓语是 pay some money；先行词为 the pictu
13、re；还原句子即：He paid $100 _ the picture.在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语：pay some money for something。【例】This is Tom Sawyer, _ whom his teacher is proud.【析】还原：His teacher is proud _ Tom Sawyer.构成短语：be proud of。【例】Can you think of a situation _in_ which this word can be used?【例】Im grateful to him for that advice, _to_ wh
14、ich I owed all my success.第二部分第二部分 精练精练介词介词+关系词专项练习关系词专项练习选择选择第 5 页 共 19 页1On his 10th birthday. Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _he believes that he can go to the wild.A. which B. from what C. through which D. that 2Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go
15、to the forest when they remembered the scenes_ people were eaten by the tiger.A. that B. by which C. which D. in which 3. I am grateful to him for that advice, _ I owe all my success.A. which B. that C. to which D. by which4The farmers use wood to build a house _to store grains all the year around.A
16、. with which B. to which C. which D. in which 5Can you tell me where Peter lives?Over there. The two storey house, _there is a garden.A. near it B. from which C. in front of it D. in front of which 6Why does she always ask you for help?There is no one else_ ,is there?A. who to turn to B. she can turn to
