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1、3.11 关系代词关系代词1） 关系代词用来引导定语从句。它代表先行词，同时在从句中作一定的句子成分，例如： The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。 （该句中 whom 既代表先 行词 the girl，又在从句中作介词 to 的宾语。 ）关系代词关系代词 - 分类分类关系代词有主格，宾格和属格之分，并有指人与指物之分。在限定性定语从句中，that 可 指人也可指物，见表：限定性 指人非限定性 指物限定性 指人或指物主 格 who which that宾 格 whomthat that属 格 whose of which/whos
2、e of which/whose This is the pencil whose point is broken。这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。(whose 指物，在限定性 定语从句中作定语) 关系代词关系代词 - - 用法用法关系代词关系代词 thatthat 的用法的用法 1）不用 that 的情况 a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时 (错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. b)介词后不能用 We depend on the land from which we get our food. 2) 只能用
3、that 作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 a) 在 there be 句型中，只用 that，不用 which。 b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little 等 作先行词时，只用 that，不用 which。 c) 先行词有 the only, the very 修饰时，只用 that。 d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用 that。 e) 先行词既有人，又有物时。 不能用关系代词不能用关系代词 WhichWhich 的几种情况的几种情况 1.当先行词为 all, little, much,
4、few, everything, none 等不定代词时关系代词用 that 而不用 which. There are few books that you can read in this book store. 2.当先行词既有人又有物时,关系代词用 that, 不用 which. He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited. 3.当先行词有形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用 that, 而不用 which. Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities that I have
5、 ever visited. 4.当先行词有序数词修饰时,关系代词用 that, 不用 which. The first sight that was caught at the Great Wall has made a lasting impression on him. 5.当先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the right 等修饰时,关系代词用 that,不 用 which. It is the only book that he bought himself. 6.当先行词被 all, every, any, much, little, few
6、, no 等修饰时,关系代词用 that,不 用 which. There is no clothes that fit you here. 7.当主句是以 which 开头的特殊问句时,定语从句关系代词一般用 that 而不用 which. Which of the books that had pictures was worth reading? 8.在强调句型“ It is . that .“ 中,只用 that,不用 which. It is in this room that he was born twenty years ago. 9.在“ such (the same) .
7、as .“ 句型中,关系代词要用 as, 而不用 which. We need such materials as (not which) can bear high temperature. 10.表示“ 正如. 那样 “,“ 正象.“ 之意时, 用 as, 不用 which. Mary was late again, as had been expected. 11.As 引导的定语从句可以放在主句前面, 也可以放在主句后面或主句中间,而由 which 引导的定语从句只能放在主句后面。 As we all know, oceans cover more than 70% of the ea
8、rth.关系代词关系代词 - - 语法注意语法注意1.1. 常用常用 thatthat 不用不用 whichwhich 的情况的情况: : 1）先行词为 all, anything, everything, nothing, something 等时。 I will do all (that) I can to help you。 2）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或 the only, the very 等所修饰时。He was the only person that joined the army in his village that year. 3）先行词既有人,又有物时They ta
9、lked about the people and the things (that)they remembered in the school。 4）当主句是以 who 或 which 开头的疑问句时, 定语从句用 that 引导, 以避免重复。Who is the boy that was here just now? 2.2. 若被修饰的若被修饰的名词名词充当充当从句从句介词介词宾语宾语时时 介词可提前于引导词之前,此时的引导词只能用 whom 或 which。 The pencil with which he was writing broke。 3.3. 当当先行词先行词为为 way
10、way 时时 其后的定语从句用 in which 或 that 引导,也可不用引导词。I dont like the way (in which/that) he talks to me1.This is the place_ John was born?A.which B.where C. when D.that2. He is the only person _ I want to talk to.A. that B. which C. who D. whose3.Is this problem _the teacher explained last week?A. the one B.t
11、hat C.which D.one4.The high building _ stand four policemen is the police station.A.which B.that C.in front of it D. in front of which5.My mother will give Mary a model plane_ she will like to play.A.which B.that C.for which D.with which6.The film brought the hours back to me_ I was taken good care
12、of in that far away village.A.until B.that C when D.where7.There are times_ I wonder why I do this job.A.as B.while C.which D.when8.After living in London for thirty years，Mr Smith returned to the small town_ he grew up as a child. A.which B.where C that D.when9.They had a long talk about the person
13、s and things_ they both knew.A.whom B.what C. that D.which10.That is the very book_ I am looking for.A.that B.which C.what D.as11.Who is the scientist_ is going to give us a talk on space this Sunday?A.that B.who C. which D.whom12.I dont like the way_ you speak to your teacher.A./ B.in that C. which
14、 D.of which13.Could you tell me when to get the book_ I want to read?A.what B.who C./ D.it14.The days_ we spent in Tokyo together will never be forgotten.A. when B.which C.who D.on which15.A pen friend of mine_ I often receive letters asked me for some Chinese coins.A.who B.whom C.to who D.from whom
15、16. Dont forget the day_ you were admitted to Beijing University.A.when B.that C.at which D. where17.Perhaps this is the only shop_ you can get such cheap goods.A. that B.of which C.by which D.where18.I can still remember the place_ my brother and I used to sit in the evening.A.which B.what C .that
16、D.where19._ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As20.All _ is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thing B. what C. that D. which21.He was seriously ill when he was a child, _ made him lose his sight.A. as B. that C. which D. it22.In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _
