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1、弃我去者，昨日之日不可留弃我去者，昨日之日不可留 乱我心者，今日之日多烦忧乱我心者，今日之日多烦忧it/one/thatit/one/that 的用法和区别的用法和区别I. itone that 三者均可用作代词, 指代前面提到的名词。一般说来, it 指代同名同物; one 与 that 则指代同名异物。I have lost my umbrella; Im looking for it. （该句中 it 就是指前 面的 my umbrella）I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy one. （one 在该句中表 泛指, 因为 my umbr
2、ella 已经丢了）The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought. （替代词 that 在该句中特指“the umbrella I bought”, 以区别“the umbrella you bought”）II. one 与 that 虽可用来指代同名异物, 但 one 为泛指, 相当于 aan名词; that 为特指, 相当于 the 名词。所以 one 所指代的名词的修饰语一般 为 aan some any; that 所指代的名词的修饰语往往是 the this that。A chair made of steel is s
3、tronger than one made of wood. （该句中 one 可以换成 a chair）The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot. （该句中 that 可以换成 the water）III. one 只能代替可数名词单数, 代替可数名词复数时用 ones; that 既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数, 代替可数名词复数时用 those。I like this pen more than that one. （one 代替可数名词单数 pen）There were a few young people an
4、d some older ones in the house. （ones 代替可数名词复数 people）Marys handwriting is far better than that of Peter. （that 代替不可数名词 handwriting）These pictures are more beautiful than those. （those 代替可数名词 复数 pictures）IV. one 既可代替事物, 也可代替人, that 只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用 the one 或 the ones 代替 that 或 those。The one That o
5、n the table is mine. （该句中 The one 代替事物, 并 且也可以用 That）He is the teacher, the one who is loved by the students. （该句中 the one 代替人, 不能用 that）He advised the farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the ones those that had the best color. （该句中 the ones 代替事物, 并且也可 以用 those）V. one 一般有前置修饰语, 有时也可有后置修饰语或不用修饰语。而
6、 that不能有前置修饰语, 但可有后置修饰语。Cook was a strict but good captain, one who took good care of his sailors.The water in the well is cleaner than that in the river.VI. it 可以替代句中的不定式或从句等, 充当形式主语或形式宾语。one与 that 均无此用法。It is known to everybody that the moon travels around the earth once every month.I found it har
7、d to get on with her.VII. it 与 that 均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容, 而 one ones则不可以。He has saved my life; Ill never forget it. （it 代替第一分句）Tom is painting his house. I am told he does it every four years. （it 代替前面分句的部分内容 painting his house）Lets say we meet here at three oclock. That ought to give you time to buy e
8、verything. （That 代替前面表述的内容）相关练习1. Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _ who had already taken them.A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others2. I find _ easy enough to get on with Pam.A. that B. this C. one D. it3. If I can stop her coming to you, I shall do_.A. those B. which C. the
9、se D. it4. I havent a pen. Can you lend me_?A. these B. those C. them D. one5. _ is necessary that I get the text of my revision typed.A. There B. This C. That D. It6. I took _ for granted that you would stay with us.A. it B. that C. these D. them7. Few pleasures can equal _ of a cool drink on a hot day.A. some B. any C. that D. those8. Of all my old friends, the only _ I saw much of was Betty.A. it B. that C. one D. thisKey: 18ADDDDACC
