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1、1第七讲 一般现在时一般现在时/ /一般过去时一般过去时/ / 现在完成时现在完成时/ /过去完成时过去完成时【学习目标学习目标】对初一，初二所学过的几种时态进行系统复习，并通过反复地讲解和练习，对每种时对初一，初二所学过的几种时态进行系统复习，并通过反复地讲解和练习，对每种时态可以做到灵活运用。本讲重点讲解一般现在时态可以做到灵活运用。本讲重点讲解一般现在时/一般过去时一般过去时/现在完成时现在完成时/过去完成时。过去完成时。【知识要点知识要点】一般现在时一般现在时一.使用情境1.1.经常发生或反复发生的动作或是习惯。经常发生或反复发生的动作或是习惯。e.g we go to school
2、from Monday to Friday .2.永恒的真理。永恒的真理。e.g The sun rises in the east and set in the west.3.在时间条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表将来。在时间条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表将来。e.g if he is very easy-going ,I shall make friends with him.二时态标志 always. usually. often. sometimes. every day. every week三.谓语构成1当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加-s 或-es.she often
3、lends money to others and never gets any money back.2. 当主语是其他人称时，谓语动词要用原形。We always listen to our teacher carefully in the class.一般过去时的构成及用法一般过去时的构成及用法一、定义：一、定义： 表示在过去的某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982 等。1）I was at the zoo yesterday. 昨天我在动物园。2）I went to bed at eleven
4、 last night . 昨晚我 11：00 睡觉。2表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。1）When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我在小的时候，我经常在街道上踢足球。2）My father often drove to work last year. 去年，我爸爸经常开车上班。2二、句子结构二、句子结构1在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过式 was，were 构成。如：（1）I was at home yesterday. 昨天我在家。2在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。如：
5、I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。 现在完成时态现在完成时态1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他） 二现在完成时态的标志性词语有以下与这一时态连用的时间状语有： already, yet, just, eve
6、r, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短语，连词 since 引导的时间状语从句。 例句：I have already done my homework.I havent done my homework yet. 三在现在完成时中，短暂性动词不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。将其转化为持续 性动词后方可使用。begin-be on finish-be over die be dead borrow keep buy have join be in /a member of leave
7、be away come/go be here 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别： 1.概念区别：一般过去时只表示过去某一特定时间发生的动作，与现在不发生联系；现在完成时表示过去动作对现在造成的影响和结果，强调现在的情况。2.标志区别：一般过去时的时间状语有: 时间段+ago, last +时间, yesterday, the day before yesterday, just now, in+过去的年份等。而现在完成时的时间状语 never, ever , just, yet, before , already 等。 例: I read this book two weeks ago . I
8、have read this book three times.3.如果询问某事发生的时间、地点只能用一般过去时,而不能用现在完成时.下列句型中常用现在完成时3It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since 从句This (That / It)is the first(second)time that + 完成时过去完成时过去完成时定义:过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。 它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 基本结构：主语+had+过去分词(done) 肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他.否定句：主语+had+
9、not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他?时间状语 before,when,after,by+,until, once,had no soonerthan（1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作. （2）动词 think, want, hope, plan, intend, wish, expect, intend, mean, suppose 等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。例如： They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。
10、（3）过去完成时还可用在 hardlywhen, no soonerthan, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)等固定句型中。例如： Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。 【经典练习经典练习】 二选择题1.【2012 福建福州】37. Hello, may I speak to Mr. Smith?www*.z#zstep.co did B. bad; did中国教#育出版 has done D. badly; was do
11、ne19.【2012 湖南常德】22. Have you even been to Zhangjiajie?来源%:z#z rings B. wont begin; will ring C. wont begin; rings D. doesnt begin; will ring%t liveBwas born ; live Cis born; livesDwas born; lives43【2012 贵州毕节】25. Lucy _ a student last year, but now she _ a teacher.A. is; is B. was； is C. was； will be
12、 D. is； was43【2012 黑龙江齐齐哈尔】28. They _five days finishing the work.A. paidB. tookC. spent 45【2012 湖北黄石】37.Which would you prefer, orang juic or coffer?Either_OK, but I prefer coffee _milk. A.are; with B.is; with C.are; to D.is; to 46【2012 湖北十堰】35. I _ little time to get ready for the test, so I wasnt
13、 7confident at that time. www.%z has B.were; was C. were; is D.has; has48【2012湖北武汉】31. I don“t remember when and where I _ this umbrella.A.buy B.have bought C.will buy D.bought来源%:*中 used to B. used to; is used to来源*:#%中 is used to D. used to; uses to 51【2012 湖北孝感】34. I wonder if the psychologist wi
14、ll come to our school this weekend.If he , we will be very excited.A. come B. comes C. will come D. came52【2012 湖北孝感】33. A number of volunteers willing to teach in Chinas rural areas.来源:zzstep.c% bigger and bigger B. are; bigger and bigger C. is; more and more D. are more and more53 2012 江苏苏州】10. 一
15、What would you do if it _ tomorrow?一 We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready.A. is raining B. rains C. will rain D. rain54【2012 江苏苏州】12. Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what_ nice. A. feels B. smells C. looks D. tastes来源:* lendingB. glad; lendingC. afraid; to lend D. glad; to lend57【2012 江苏无锡】8. My father doesnt like shopping much. He would rather TV at home tha
