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1、- 1 -专题专题 0404 EarthquakesEarthquakes【高频单词】1burst (vi.) 爆裂；爆发 (n.) 突然破裂；爆发burst (过去式/过去分词)2event (n.) 事件；大事3nation (n.) 国家；民族；国民national (adj.) 国家的；民族的；全国的nationality (n.) 国籍4dirt (n.) 污垢；泥土dirty (adj.) 肮脏的5ruin (n.) 废墟；毁灭 (vt.) 毁灭；使破产6suffering (n.) 苦难；痛苦suffer (v.) 遭受(苦难等) 7extreme (adj.) 极度的extre
2、mely (adv.) 极度地 8injure (vt.) 损害；伤害injury (n.) 伤害；损害injured (adj.) 受伤的9destroy (vt.) 破坏；毁坏；消灭destruction (n.) 破坏；摧毁10track (n.) 轨道；足迹；痕迹11useless (adj.) 无用的；无效的；无益的useful (反义词) (adj.) 有用的；有益的12shock (vt. & vi.) (使)震惊；震动 (n.) 休克；打击；震惊shocking (adj.) 令人震惊的shocked (adj.) 震惊的13rescue (n. & vt.) 援救；营救14t
3、rap (vt.) 使陷入困境 (n.) 陷阱；困境trapped (过去式/过去分词)15electricity (n.) 电；电流；电学electric (adj.) 用电的；带电的electrical (adj.) 与电有关的；电学的16disaster (n.) 灾难；灾祸17bury (vt.) 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏18shelter (n.) 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 19damage (n. & vt.) 损失；损害20frighten (vt.) 使惊吓；吓唬frightened (adj.) 受惊的；受恐吓的frightening (adj.) 令人恐惧的 - 2 -21congra
4、tulation (n.) 祝贺；(复数)贺词congratulate (vt.) 祝贺 22judge (n.) 裁判员；法官 (vt.& vi.) 断定；判断；判决_judgement (n.) 判断力；识别力23express (vt.) 表示；表达 (n.) 快车；速递(n.) expression 表达；表情24survivor (n.) 幸存者；生还者；残存物survive (vt. & vi.) 幸存；存活下来survival (n.) 生存；存活；幸存【重点短语】1think_little_of 轻视；认为没价值 2as_if 仿佛；好像3dig_out 掘出；发现4raise
5、_money 集资；筹款；募捐5right_away 立刻；马上6at_an_end 结束；终结7in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪8a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量的9in_the_open_air 在户外10give_a_speech 做演讲 11cut_across 抄近路穿过；走近路12be_buried_in 埋头于【热点句型】1too. to. “太而不能”In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too_nervous_to_eat (紧张得不吃食)(教材 P26)2looking for. 是
6、现在分词短语作伴随状语Mice ran out of the fields looking_for_places_to_hide (找地方藏身)(教材 P26)3It seems/seemed as if.“看起来好像”It_seemed_as_if (看起来好像)the world was at an end！(教材 P26)4leave宾语宾语补足语Thousands of families were killed and many children were_left_without_parents (成了孤儿)(教材 P26)- 3 -5everywhere 用作连词，引导让步状语从句
7、Everywhere_they_looked (人们无论朝哪看)nearly everything was destroyed.(教材P26)6all.not 表示部分否定All_hope_was_not (并不是所有的希望)lost.(教材 P26)高频考点一、单词冲关高频考点一、单词冲关例 1、burstburst vi.vi. (burst,burst, burstburst)爆裂；爆发 n n突然破裂；爆发In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burstburst.(P26)在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来
8、。【归纳拓展】burst out 突然迸发；爆发burst out doing sth.burst inton. 突然起来burst into tears/laughterbursst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑起来burst out cheeringburst into cheers 突然欢呼起来burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支a burst of 一阵【名师点睛】burst into 与 burst out 都有“突然进入某种状态或突然发生某种情况”的意思，但burs
9、t into 后面接名词，burst out 后面接动名词。【语境助记】Hearing this, the whole class burst_out laughing and my deskmates face turned red.听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。He burst_into_the_room without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。- 4 -At the news that my dad would be back from London this week
10、, I felt as if my heart would burst_with_joy.听到这个星期爸爸要从伦敦回来的消息，我觉得心花怒放。例 2、ruinruin n n毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；废墟；遗迹 vt.vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruinsruins.(P26)在可怕的 15 秒内，一座大城市就成为了一片废墟。【归纳拓展】(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃bring.to ruin 使毁灭；使没落；使破产(2)
11、ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途【语境助记】When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in_ruins.当他们第二天回到洛克威时，他们发现他们的街区已成为一片废墟。A large number of churches fell_into_ruin after the revolution.革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。A village once so attractive was brought
12、_to_ruin.一个曾经那么美好的村庄被毁掉了。If youre addicted to computer games, youll ruin_yourself.如果你沉溺于玩电脑游戏，你会毁了自己。The bad weather has ruined_all_my_pleasure for the holiday.糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。例 3、injureinjure vt.vt.损害；伤害Twothirds of them died or were injuredinjured during the earthquake.(P26)他们中有三分之二在地震中伤亡。【归纳拓展】(1
13、)injured adj. 受伤的- 5 -the injured 受伤的人(集合概念)(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人【语境助记】Luckily she was_not_badly_injured and was sent to the nearest hospital.幸运的是她受伤不严重，并且被送到了最近的医院。A terrible accident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed the_injured to the hospita
14、l.在十字路口发生了可怕的交通事故，救护车把伤者火速送到了医院。Dont lift that toolboxyoull do_yourself_an_injury!别搬那只工具箱，你会伤着你自己的！What the newspaper reported did_a_great_injury_to_her_fame.报纸上所报道的严重损害了她的名誉。用 injure, wound, hurt, harm 的正确形式填空aHe claimed that working too hard was harming his health.bHe died of a single gunshot woun
15、d to the left side of his head.cWhat he said hurt me deeply.dOne of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off.例 4、shockshock vt.&vt.& vi.vi.(使)震惊；震动 n n休克；打击；震惊Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shockedshocked.(P26)井里充满了沙子而不是水。人们都震惊了。【归纳拓展】(1)in (a state of) shock 震
16、惊地a great shock 极大的震惊be a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个打击come as a shock 让某人大吃一惊(2)shocked adj. 感到惊讶的be shocked at/by sth. 对感到震惊(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的【名师点睛】- 6 -shock 意为“令人震惊的人或事”时为可数名词，其前通常与不定冠词 a 连用。即：抽象名词具体化。【语境助记】I was_shocked_to_hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。We were all shocked_at the news of his death.听到他的死讯，我们都感到
