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1、- 1 -专题专题 0404 EarthquakesEarthquakes【高频单词】1burst (vi.) 爆裂;爆发 (n.) 突然破裂;爆发burst (过去式/过去分词)2event (n.) 事件;大事3nation (n.) 国家;民族;国民national (adj.) 国家的;民族的;全国的nationality (n.) 国籍4dirt (n.) 污垢;泥土dirty (adj.) 肮脏的5ruin (n.) 废墟;毁灭 (vt.) 毁灭;使破产6suffering (n.) 苦难;痛苦suffer (v.) 遭受(苦难等) 7extreme (adj.) 极度的extre
2、mely (adv.) 极度地 8injure (vt.) 损害;伤害injury (n.) 伤害;损害injured (adj.) 受伤的9destroy (vt.) 破坏;毁坏;消灭destruction (n.) 破坏;摧毁10track (n.) 轨道;足迹;痕迹11useless (adj.) 无用的;无效的;无益的useful (反义词) (adj.) 有用的;有益的12shock (vt. & vi.) (使)震惊;震动 (n.) 休克;打击;震惊shocking (adj.) 令人震惊的shocked (adj.) 震惊的13rescue (n. & vt.) 援救;营救14t
3、rap (vt.) 使陷入困境 (n.) 陷阱;困境trapped (过去式/过去分词)15electricity (n.) 电;电流;电学electric (adj.) 用电的;带电的electrical (adj.) 与电有关的;电学的16disaster (n.) 灾难;灾祸17bury (vt.) 埋葬;掩埋;隐藏18shelter (n.) 掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处 19damage (n. & vt.) 损失;损害20frighten (vt.) 使惊吓;吓唬frightened (adj.) 受惊的;受恐吓的frightening (adj.) 令人恐惧的 - 2 -21congra
4、tulation (n.) 祝贺;(复数)贺词congratulate (vt.) 祝贺 22judge (n.) 裁判员;法官 (vt.& vi.) 断定;判断;判决_judgement (n.) 判断力;识别力23express (vt.) 表示;表达 (n.) 快车;速递(n.) expression 表达;表情24survivor (n.) 幸存者;生还者;残存物survive (vt. & vi.) 幸存;存活下来survival (n.) 生存;存活;幸存【重点短语】1think_little_of 轻视;认为没价值 2as_if 仿佛;好像3dig_out 掘出;发现4raise
5、_money 集资;筹款;募捐5right_away 立刻;马上6at_an_end 结束;终结7in_ruins 严重受损;破败不堪8a_(great)_number_of 许多;大量的9in_the_open_air 在户外10give_a_speech 做演讲 11cut_across 抄近路穿过;走近路12be_buried_in 埋头于【热点句型】1too. to. “太而不能”In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too_nervous_to_eat (紧张得不吃食)(教材 P26)2looking for. 是
6、现在分词短语作伴随状语Mice ran out of the fields looking_for_places_to_hide (找地方藏身)(教材 P26)3It seems/seemed as if.“看起来好像”It_seemed_as_if (看起来好像)the world was at an end!(教材 P26)4leave宾语宾语补足语Thousands of families were killed and many children were_left_without_parents (成了孤儿)(教材 P26)- 3 -5everywhere 用作连词,引导让步状语从句
7、Everywhere_they_looked (人们无论朝哪看)nearly everything was destroyed.(教材P26)6all.not 表示部分否定All_hope_was_not (并不是所有的希望)lost.(教材 P26)高频考点一、单词冲关高频考点一、单词冲关例 1、burstburst vi.vi. (burst,burst, burstburst)爆裂;爆发 n n突然破裂;爆发In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burstburst.(P26)在市内,有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来
8、。【归纳拓展】burst out 突然迸发;爆发burst out doing sth.burst inton. 突然起来burst into tears/laughterbursst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑起来burst out cheeringburst into cheers 突然欢呼起来burst in/into 闯进;突然破门而入burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支a burst of 一阵【名师点睛】burst into 与 burst out 都有“突然进入某种状态或突然发生某种情况”的意思,但burs
9、t into 后面接名词,burst out 后面接动名词。【语境助记】Hearing this, the whole class burst_out laughing and my deskmates face turned red.听到这,全班同学大笑起来,我同桌的脸变红了。He burst_into_the_room without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.他没敲门就闯进房间,这使我非常生气。- 4 -At the news that my dad would be back from London this week
10、, I felt as if my heart would burst_with_joy.听到这个星期爸爸要从伦敦回来的消息,我觉得心花怒放。例 2、ruinruin n n毁灭;毁坏;崩溃;废墟;遗迹 vt.vt.(使)毁坏;毁灭;成为废墟;使破产In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruinsruins.(P26)在可怕的 15 秒内,一座大城市就成为了一片废墟。【归纳拓展】(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭;灭亡;崩溃bring.to ruin 使毁灭;使没落;使破产(2)
11、ruin oneself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途【语境助记】When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in_ruins.当他们第二天回到洛克威时,他们发现他们的街区已成为一片废墟。A large number of churches fell_into_ruin after the revolution.革命过后,许多教堂都毁了。A village once so attractive was brought
12、_to_ruin.一个曾经那么美好的村庄被毁掉了。If youre addicted to computer games, youll ruin_yourself.如果你沉溺于玩电脑游戏,你会毁了自己。The bad weather has ruined_all_my_pleasure for the holiday.糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。例 3、injureinjure vt.vt.损害;伤害Twothirds of them died or were injuredinjured during the earthquake.(P26)他们中有三分之二在地震中伤亡。【归纳拓展】(1
13、)injured adj. 受伤的- 5 -the injured 受伤的人(集合概念)(2)injury n. 伤;伤口;伤害do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人【语境助记】Luckily she was_not_badly_injured and was sent to the nearest hospital.幸运的是她受伤不严重,并且被送到了最近的医院。A terrible accident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed the_injured to the hospita
14、l.在十字路口发生了可怕的交通事故,救护车把伤者火速送到了医院。Dont lift that toolboxyoull do_yourself_an_injury!别搬那只工具箱,你会伤着你自己的!What the newspaper reported did_a_great_injury_to_her_fame.报纸上所报道的严重损害了她的名誉。用 injure, wound, hurt, harm 的正确形式填空aHe claimed that working too hard was harming his health.bHe died of a single gunshot woun
15、d to the left side of his head.cWhat he said hurt me deeply.dOne of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off.例 4、shockshock vt.&vt.& vi.vi.(使)震惊;震动 n n休克;打击;震惊Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shockedshocked.(P26)井里充满了沙子而不是水。人们都震惊了。【归纳拓展】(1)in (a state of) shock 震
16、惊地a great shock 极大的震惊be a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个打击come as a shock 让某人大吃一惊(2)shocked adj. 感到惊讶的be shocked at/by sth. 对感到震惊(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的【名师点睛】- 6 -shock 意为“令人震惊的人或事”时为可数名词,其前通常与不定冠词 a 连用。即:抽象名词具体化。【语境助记】I was_shocked_to_hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息,我深感意外。We were all shocked_at the news of his death.听到他的死讯,我们都感到