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1、小编给你一个美联英语官方免费试听课申请链接：http:/ 星际穿越里的宗教与政治Ross Douthat: Its a pleasure to be back with you, here in the fall movie seasons eye-of-the-storm moment, when we get a chance to take a breath and catch up on all the prestige movies released before Thanksgiving or, you know, take the kids to “Penguins of Mad
2、agascar,” depending before the Christmas hurricane arrives. And Im going to start us off by talking about the biggest, most ambitious and in certain ways the most political of the fall releases that made landfall last month: Christopher Nolans “Interstellar.”罗斯多赛特：很高兴回来，在这个秋季档风平浪静的风暴眼时刻，我们有机会赶在圣诞的电影
3、飓风到来之前，深吸一口气，把在感恩节前上映的所有佳片都给看了或者你懂的，要是有孩子的话，恐怕就只得带孩子去看马达加斯加的企鹅(Penguins of Madagascar)了。我就从上个月上画的秋季档中最具影响力、最具企图心、从某些方面来说也最为政治的电影克里斯托弗诺兰(Christopher Nolan)的星际穿越(Interstellar)说起吧。By way of preamble: I am not a true believer in the Church of Nolan; Im more like a churchgoer who appreciates the beauty o
4、f the liturgy but cocks his head skeptically during the sermon and dissents from several crucial doctrines. To me, hes the master of the near-great film: I have never not been entertained by a Nolan movie, but Ive also never come away thinking, “that was, at last, a masterpiece.” His closest-to-perf
5、ect film, “Memento,” is too much of a claustrophobic stunt to earn that title, and the movies that set his wildest fans to raving “Inception” and above all “The Dark Knight” are impressive blockbusters ill-served by the attempt to elevate them into the cinematic equivalent of Shakespeare. Watch “Inc
6、eption” as a heist movie, and its great; watch it as an exploration of dreams and the unconscious, and no. Likewise “The Dark Knight,” in which Heath Ledgers performance as the Joker is several degrees more brilliant than the movies larger meditation on politics, leadership and terrorism. (Im in the
7、 small camp that actually preferred “The Dark Knight Rises.”)让我先说明一点：我不是诺兰教的信徒；我更多是那种会去教堂领略礼拜仪式之美，但在牧师布道过程中会充满狐疑地把头歪向一侧，对几条关键性的教义还会持有异议的人。在我看来，他是拍摄近乎伟大之作的大师：诺兰的电影总能带给我娱乐，但我从来不会说，“终于，他拍出了一部杰作”。他最接近完美的作品记忆碎片(Memento)更多是一部幽闭恐怖症的噱头之作，所以难以担当杰作头衔；而那些令他的疯狂粉丝们赞不绝口的电影星际穿越，尤其是黑暗骑士(The Dark Knight)虽然是给人留下深刻印象的
8、大片，但也不是大师之作。把星际穿越当成一部强盗片来看，它还是很不错的；但如果把它视为对梦境和潜意识世界的探索，那就马马虎虎了。黑暗骑士也是这样，扮演小丑的希斯莱杰(Heath Ledger)的演技，要比这部电影对政治、领导力和恐怖主义的思考要来得更为耀眼几度。（我也属于更偏爱黑暗骑士崛起The Dark Knight Rises的那个小阵营。）I sometimes feel like I should be more of a believer, though, because Nolan is pretty clearly one of the more politically conse
9、rvative A-list directors working in Hollywood today. This isnt just my idiosyncratic opinion: There are obvious, true-to-the-script reasons his “Batman” movies were slammed as apologias for fascism and hailed as defenses of George W. Bushs war on terror. But neither take was quite right: In reality,
10、 those films were apologias for an old-fashioned sort of Toryism, as British as Nolan himself, which defends basic civic order against corrupt, radical and nihilistic alternatives and lionizes to-the-manor-born aristocrats insofar as they take up for the common peoples interests.但有时候，我觉得自己应该多给诺兰捧捧场，
11、因为很显然，他是当今在好莱坞打拼的顶级导演中政治立场偏保守的。这并非我的个人观点：出于显而易见的原因，有人批评他的蝙蝠侠系列是对法西斯主义的辩解，也有人认可它是对乔治布什发动的反恐战争的辩护。但这两种看法都不完全正确：事实上，对于一个像诺兰这么英范儿的人，这些电影是对一种老式的保守主义的辩解，这种保守主义捍卫基本的公民秩序，反对腐败、激进的和无政府主义的选择，把站在普通大众利益一边的、庄园出生的贵族视作重要人物。And this is part of what makes the politics of “Interstellar” quite interesting, because Nol
12、ans space-exploration movie is right-wing in a different, much more American key than the “peace, order and noblesse oblige” Toryism of the “Batman” trilogy. In my review for National Review, I suggested that this is the kind of movie that you might expect Peter Thiel, the libertarian tech mogul and
13、 frequent critic of what he sees as a loss of imagination and technological ambition in the West, to bankroll and support: “Interstellar” opens in a world where the textbooks have been rewritten to pretend that the moon landings were a Cold War propaganda stunt, and it ends in a world where well, I
14、dont think it gives anything away to tell people that the title doubles as the movies vision of the human future. Which makes it basically a long brief for the proposition that human beings and especially Americans, and especially Americans played by Matthew McConaughey can do just about anything th
15、ey set their minds to do, and that the biggest threat to our future isnt overreach or arrogance or technological blowback (the atmospheric “blight” threatening the planet in the movie is very conspicuously not the same thing as man-made climate change, to some viewers great disappointment) but defea
16、tism, declinism and self-doubt.这是令星际穿越的政治立场显得相当有趣的原因之一，因为与蝙蝠侠三部曲“和平、秩序和贵族责任”的保守主义相比，诺兰的这部宇宙探索电影，以一种截然不同的、更为美国化的基调呈现出右翼色彩。在我给国民评论(National Review)写的影评中提出，你很有可能会以为该片是彼特蒂尔(Peter Thiel)这种信奉自由主义、对于那些在他看来表明西方缺乏想象力和技术野心的事务时常提出批评的的技术大佬，会出钱出力的电影类型：星际穿越一片始于这样一个世界教科书被重写，假装登月是冷战的宣传噱头；而结束于好吧，我认为指出片名表明了该片对于人类未来的看法，应该也不能算是剧透之举吧。这使得该片成了这样一个议题的长篇简报：人类，尤其是美国人、尤其是马修麦康纳(Matthew McC
