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1、麦克斯韦速率分布函数：23 222( )42mv KTmf vevKT实验一：以 ?为例探究麦克斯韦速率分布函数曲线当 ? = ?，?= ?，?= ?m/s，?= ?m/s，?= ? / ? 时，画出麦克斯韦速率分布函数的曲线。由?=?可得?=?，代换到麦克斯韦速率分布函数中并利用 C 语言进行编程计算。程序代码：#include “stdio.h“ #include “math.h“ void main() float R=8.314; float Pi=3.14; float e=2.71828; float T=300,M=2; float v1=0.00,v2=200.00,x=1;
2、/x 表示速度增量float v,f; for(v=v1;vv2;) f=4*Pi*pow(M/(2*Pi*R*T),1.5)*pow(e,-M*v*v/(2*R*T)*v*v; printf(“v=%lft f(v)=%lfn“,v,f); v+=x; 实验结果如下：v/m ?-?f(v)/% 0.00 0.000000 1.00 0.001811 2.00 0.007237 3.00 0.016251 4.00 0.028809 5.00 0.044852 6.00 0.064303 7.00 0.087069 8.00 0.113041 9.00 0.142095 10.00 0.174
3、095 11.00 0.208889 12.00 0.246313 13.00 0.286193 14.00 0.328342 15.00 0.372566 16.00 0.418662 17.00 0.466418 18.00 0.515618 19.00 0.566041 20.00 0.617461 21.00 0.669652 22.00 0.722385 23.00 0.775432 24.00 0.828565 25.00 0.881561 26.00 0.934197 27.00 0.986259 28.00 1.037535 29.00 1.087822 30.00 1.136
4、924 31.00 1.184652 32.00 1.230829 33.00 1.275286 34.00 1.317867 35.00 1.358424 36.00 1.396824 37.00 1.432944 38.00 1.466675 39.00 1.497919 40.00 1.526594 41.00 1.552628 42.00 1.575964 43.00 1.596556 44.00 1.614374 45.00 1.629397 46.00 1.641620 47.00 1.651046 48.00 1.657694 49.00 1.661592 50.00 1.662
5、778 51.00 1.661300 52.00 1.657219 53.00 1.650602 54.00 1.641523 55.00 1.630068 56.00 1.616326 57.00 1.600393 58.00 1.582374 59.00 1.562373 60.00 1.540504 61.00 1.516880 62.00 1.491619 63.00 1.464841 64.00 1.436666 65.00 1.407217 66.00 1.376614 67.00 1.344980 68.00 1.312434 69.00 1.279096 70.00 1.245
6、083 71.00 1.210508 72.00 1.175484 73.00 1.140118 74.00 1.104515 75.00 1.068776 76.00 1.032996 77.00 0.997269 78.00 0.961682 79.00 0.926316 80.00 0.891250 81.00 0.856557 82.00 0.822303 83.00 0.788552 84.00 0.755361 85.00 0.722782 86.00 0.690862 87.00 0.659645 88.00 0.629167 89.00 0.599461 90.00 0.570
7、556 91.00 0.542475 92.00 0.515239 93.00 0.488862 94.00 0.463356 95.00 0.438730 96.00 0.414988 97.00 0.392131 98.00 0.370157 99.00 0.349062 100.00 0.328838 101.00 0.309475 102.00 0.290963 103.00 0.273285 104.00 0.256428 105.00 0.240373 106.00 0.225102 107.00 0.210595 108.00 0.196830 109.00 0.183786 1
8、10.00 0.171440 111.00 0.159769 112.00 0.148748 113.00 0.138355 114.00 0.128565 115.00 0.119354 116.00 0.110696 117.00 0.102570 118.00 0.094949 119.00 0.087812 120.00 0.081135 121.00 0.074895 122.00 0.069070 123.00 0.063639 124.00 0.058580 125.00 0.053873 126.00 0.049498 127.00 0.045436 128.00 0.0416
9、69 129.00 0.038179 130.00 0.034949 131.00 0.031962 132.00 0.029205 133.00 0.026660 134.00 0.024315 135.00 0.022156 136.00 0.020171 137.00 0.018346 138.00 0.016672 139.00 0.015136 140.00 0.013730 141.00 0.012443 142.00 0.011266 143.00 0.010192 144.00 0.009212 145.00 0.008318 146.00 0.007505 147.00 0.
10、006765 148.00 0.006092 149.00 0.005481 150.00 0.004928 151.00 0.004426 152.00 0.003972 153.00 0.003561 154.00 0.003190 155.00 0.002855 156.00 0.002553 157.00 0.002281 158.00 0.002036 159.00 0.001816 160.00 0.001618 161.00 0.001440 162.00 0.001281 163.00 0.001139 164.00 0.001011 165.00 0.000897 166.0
11、0 0.000795 167.00 0.000704 168.00 0.000623 169.00 0.000551 170.00 0.000486 171.00 0.000429 172.00 0.000378 173.00 0.000333 174.00 0.000293 175.00 0.000258 176.00 0.000227 177.00 0.000199 178.00 0.000175 179.00 0.000153 180.00 0.000134 181.00 0.000117 182.00 0.000103 183.00 0.000090 184.00 0.000078 1
12、85.00 0.000068 186.00 0.000059 187.00 0.000052 188.00 0.000045 189.00 0.000039 190.00 0.000034 191.00 0.000029 192.00 0.000025 193.00 0.000022 194.00 0.000019 195.00 0.000016 196.00 0.000014 197.00 0.000012 198.00 0.000011 199.00 0.000009 注： f(v)为百分比，省略了百分号。从数据变化还是可以看出大概规律：气体分子百分比随着速度增加呈现先增大后减小，且速度变化率开始大，后来小。试验二： 探究 ?在不同温度下麦克斯韦速率分布，?= ?，?= ?，?= ?。实验三：以 ?和 ?为例对比不同气体的麦克斯韦速率分布(T=300K)
