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1、New Car Assessment ProgramNCAP stands for New Car Assessment Program. If you have heard of “government 5-starratings”,you should know NCAP . NCAP is organized by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ,which belongs to the U.S. Department of transportation . NCAP has actually been around
2、 for a while .NCAP was initiated in 1978 with the primary purpose of providing consumers with a measure of the relative safety potential of vehicles in frontal crashes. Side crash rating results were added to the program beginning with model year 1997 vehicles and more recently rollover ratings were
3、 added beginning with model year 2001 vehicles.The ultimate goal of NCAP is to improve occupant safety by providing market incentives for vehicle manufacturers to voluntarily design their vehicles to better protect occupants in a crash and be less susceptible to rollover，rather than by regulatory di
4、rectives .NCAP provides consumers with vehicle safety information，primarily f rout and side crash rating results，and more recently rollover ratings，to aid consumers in their vehicle purchase decisions. The rating results are relayed to consumers via an easily recognizable star rating system from 1 t
5、o 5 stars ,with 5 being the highest . For frontal crash ratings, crash-rating dummies representing an average-sized adult are placed in driver and front passenger seats and secured with the vehicles seat belts. Vehicles are crashed into a fixed barrier at 35 miles per hour(mph)， which is equivalent
6、to a head-on collision between two similar vehicles each moving at 35 mph. Since the rating reflects a crash between two similar vehicles, make sure you compare vehicles from the same weight class, plus or minus 250 lbs , When looking at frontal crash star ratings . Instruments measure the force of
7、impact to each dummys head，neck，chest，pelvis, legs and feet. Frontal star ratings indicate the chance of a serious head and chest injury to the driver and right f rout seat passenger. A serious injury is one requiring immediate hospitalization and may be life threatening. 10% or less chance of serio
8、us injury 11% to 20% chance of serious injury 21% to 35% chance of serious injury 36% to 45% chance of serious injury 46% or greater chance of serious injuryFor side cash ratings，crash-rating dummies representing and average-sized adult are placed in the drivor and rear passenger seats (drivers side
9、) and secured with the vehicles seat belts.The side crash rating represents an intersection-type collision with a 3，015 pound barrier moving at 38.5mph into a standing vehicle.Since all rated vehicles are impacted by the same size barrier，it is possible to compare all vehicles with each other when l
10、ooking at side crash protection ratings.Instruments measure the farce of impact to cacti dummys head，neck，chest，and pelvis.Side-collisian star ratings indicate the chance of a serious chest injury far the drier, front seat passenger，and the rear seat passenger(first and second row occupants). Head i
11、njury，although measured，is not currently included in the star rating .An excessive head injury score(HIS greater than 1,000)is reported separately as a safety concern, As with the frontal Brash ratings，a scriaus injury is one requiring immediate hospitalization and may be life threatening. 5% or les
12、s chance of serious injury 6% to 10% chance of serious injury 11%to 20% chance of serious injury 21%to 25% chance of serious injury 26% or greater chance of serious injuryNHTSA s New Car Assessment Program has a limited budget and must concentrate its rating on front and side-impact crashes which ev
13、ery year are responsible for the highest percentage of deaths and serious injuries. NCAP was initiated in America in 1978, and established in Europe and Japan after1990th, which named NHTSA-NCAP、Eur-NCAP and J-NCAP.Euro-NCAP :it includes front collision tests(at a speed of 64 km/h)and side collision
14、 tests( at a speed of 50 km/h).Measuring the injury with 5 star being the highest and 1star being the lowest. J-NCAP :it includes front collosion test (at a speed of 55 km,% h)，offset frontal collision tests (at a speed of 55 km/h) and braking performance tests( at a speed of 100km/h).Measuring the
15、injury with 6 star being the highest and 1 star being the lowest.新新车评车评估体系估体系NCAP 是指新车评估体系。如果你听说过“政府五星等级”，就会知道 NCAP 。NCAP 是由美国交通运输部所属的美国高速公路安全协会组织实施的。NCAP 已经存在一段时间了，始于 1987 年，主要的目的是为用户提供车辆在正面碰撞、侧面碰撞时的安全潜能性测评，这些标准 1997 年加人到评估体系中，2001 年又将翻滚测试等级评定加入到评估体系中。NCAP 最终的目的是，通过刺激市场使制造商自发地改善汽车的设计，以便在碰撞中更好地保护乘员，减少车辆翻滚的灵敏性，改善乘员安全性。而不是通过法律强制要求。NCAP 为用户提供车辆的安全性信息，主要包括正面碰撞、侧面碰撞安全性等级评足结果，以及翻滚测试的等级评定，为用户选购汽车提供参考。评定等级通过容易辨认的级反馈给用户，共分为 1 到 5 五个星级，其中 5 星级表示性能最好。正面碰撞测试时，碰撞人体模型中规定坐在驾驶员和副驾驶位置的是普通身材的成年人，已经系好安全带。车辆以 3mph(56.3km/h)的速度碰向固定的障碍物，这相当于两辆车辆同时
