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1、八年级英语期末复习提要 一 时态1 一般现在时 定义：结构一：S + am/is/are +其他结构二：S (不是三人称单数) + do S (是三人称单数) + does动词三单形式规则变化：一般情况直接加-s ：plays, makes, looks, listens以 s , x, ch ,sh 结尾加-es: watches, brushes, washes以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加-es: study studies, carry-carries以 o 结尾的加-es: does, goes句型转换：否定句： S + am/is/are not +S + dont
2、doS + doesnt do 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + s + ? Yes, S am/is/are. No, S am/is/are.Do + s + do ? Yes, S do. No, S dont.Does + s + do ? Yes, S does. No, S doesnt. 特殊疑问句：What/When/Why + 一般疑问句?标志词：usually, often, always, never, sometimes, twice a week, every day/ week/morning, from time to time考点，难点：. She alway
3、s goes to school on foot.（变否定句）She doesnt always go to school on foot.She never goes to school on foot.Daming does his homework carefully.（变否定句和一般疑问句）Daming doesnt do his homework carefully.Does Daming do his homework carefully?分清: do /does 是助动词还是行为动词 2 现在进行时.定义：.标志词: now , look, listen, at this/the
4、 moment, these days .结构：S + am/is/are + doing Doing 的规则变化： 一般情况下直接加-ing: doing ,watching, working 以 e 结尾去 e 再加-ing: living, having, taking 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母的重读闭音节的，双写辅音字母再加 ing: shopping, stopping, getting, swimming ,running 特殊变化: lie - lying die - dying.句型转换: 否定句: S + am/is/are not + doing . 一般疑问句：Am/
5、Is/Are s + doing ? Yes, S am/is/are. No, S am/is/are not. 特殊疑问句：When/Why/what 5.考点及重难点;-Where is your teacher? -Hes working in the office. 用进行时表将来时 如：come , go, leave 表状态，感觉的词不用此时态 如：like, love, want, know, hope, wish, forget, look, see 3. 一般将来时定义:标志词：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week/year
6、/Sunday, in the future, in a few days, this Sunday,soon结构：S + am/is/are going to doS + will do句型转换：否定句：S + am/is/are not going to doS + will not/wont do疑问句：Am/Is/Are S going to + do? Yes, S + am/is/are. No. S + am/is/are not.Will S + do? Yes, S + will. No, S + wont. 考点及重难点：.There be 句型的将来时 There wil
7、l be sth./ There is/are going to be sth. 对 in two days 提问 “How soon” .Will do / be going to do 的区别 4. 一般过去时定义：标志词：yesterday, last week / year, ago, in 2005,at that moment, just now, a moment ago, once upon time, when I was young,结构：S + was/were S + did Do-did 一般情况下直接加-ed: played, reached, listened,
8、以 e 结尾只加-d: arrived, lived, 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节双写辅音字母再加-ed: stopped 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加-ed: studied, carried 不规则变化： 句型转换：否定句：S + wasnt/werentS + didnt do一般疑问句: Was/Were s ? Yes, S + was/were. No .S + wasnt/werent.Did s + do ? Yes, S + did. No, S + didnt.特殊疑问句：When/What/Why 考点： 动词的不规则变化 5 现在完成时
9、定义：标志词：ever, already, yet, just, before, never, for+ 一段时间, since+点时间/过去时的 句子, in the past three years结构：S + have/has +done 句型转换： 否定句：S + havent/hasnt +done 一般疑问句：Have/Has +S + done ? Yes, S + have/has. No, S+ havent/hasnt. 特殊疑问句：How long / Where + 考点及重难点：.have/has been to 与 have/has gone to 的区别 .alr
10、eady, yet, just 在句中的位置 .for + 一段时间 = since + 一段时间 ago ， 对其提问用“How long”for three years= since three years ago. 瞬间动词不能与表 一段时间的状语连用，要用必须转换为延续性的动词。 comebe here buy-have arrive- be here leave- be away borrow- keep begin- be on join- be in/be a member of die -be dead 动词过去分词的规则变化及不规则变化。 6.过去进行时定义：标志词：at t
11、his/that time last night, then, last time, at 9:00 yesterday, from 6 to 8 yesterday morning, between 5 and 7 this morning, while/when 引导的时间状语。结构：S + was/were doing 句型转换： 否定句: S + wasnt/werent doing一般疑问句：Was/Were S + doing ? Yes, S + was/ were. No, S + wasnt/werent.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + 一般疑问句？考点及重难点：while/when
12、 引导的时间状语。 二 反意疑问句1 定义：2 结构：陈述句 ，简短的一般疑问句？简短的一般疑问句：be 动词/情态动词/助动词 + 主语？ 3 要点：前肯后否，前否后肯。前后部分的主语的人称和数要一致，后部分的主语要用相应的人称代词的主格形 式。前后部分的时态要一致。 4 难点： 陈述句部分如有否定意义的词，反意疑问句要用肯定形式，如：.单词加前缀 dis/un.Never, few, little, no one, nodody, nothing, hardly. 祈使句的反意疑问句用 will you？或 wont you?Lets ， shall we? Let us , will y
13、ou? There be 句型，用 be there? 或 will there? 回答与一般疑问句的回答一样，但陈述句部分为否定是，回答的翻译要相反，yes 译为“不” ，no 译为 “是”如：-Daming doesnt like playing football, does he?-Yes , he does. (不，他喜欢) No, he doesnt.(不，他不喜欢)I am , arent I? 三、系动词1 be 动词： be + adj , be + n, be + adv, be + prep2 感官动词：feel, smell, taste, sound, look用法：后
14、接 adj / like + n句型转换：变否定句及一般疑问句借助于助动词 do / does.3 表变化的系动词：turn （颜色）, change, get, become, go(食物变坏) 四、动词不定式 to do1、用法：2、作名词：作主语: Its adj for sb/of sb to doEg: Its difficult for us to learn English.Its nice / kind of you to invite me.作表语：放在 be 动词之后My dream is to be a doctor.作宾语：want, hope, try, need,
15、forget, offer, decide, would like 等 to doFind it adj (for sb) to do作宾语补足语：(ask, want, wish, tell, allow, would like) sb to do省 to 不定式 make sb do, let sb do, Youd better dosee sb do, hear sb do, have sb do其否定形式：make sb not do, let sb not do, Youd better not do 3、作副词：目的状语：Tom came to see me last night.To catch the bus, she gets up early.原因状语：Im glad to see you.结果状语：The water is too dirty to drink.程度状语：The boy is old enough to go to school. 4、作形容词：后置定语：放在名词及代词之后Have something to eatHave nothing to do 五、双宾语：动词 + 人 + 物 如：(give, bring, lend, pass, send, show, t
