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1、1定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2 构成：关联词+简单句 3 引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词 that。 如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词 whether。如： Whether hell come here isnt clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, w
2、hichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home - my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的 家-我唯一的家。 1 定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为 fact, news, idea, thou
3、ght, question, reply, report, remark 等，关联词多用从属连词 that。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come? 你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. 德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。 注：同位语从句
4、偶尔由从属连词 whether 引导。如： I have no idea whether hell come or not. 我不知道他是否来。 连接代词 who, which, what 和连接副词 where, when, why, how 亦可引导同位 语从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿
5、去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 1 定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2 构成：关联词+简单句 3 引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词 that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词 whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is
6、 whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。注：从属连词 if 一般不用来引导表语从句，但 as if 却可引导表语从句，如：All this was over twenty years ago, but its as if it was only yesterday. 这都是 20 多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词 be, seem, look 等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 (3)连接代词 who, whom, whose,
7、what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换 她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁 楼干的。各类从句以及使用的引导词！ 主语从句：that, whether, wh-, how, -ever
8、 宾语从句：that, whether, if，wh-, how, -ever 介词后的宾从：that, whether, wh-, how, -ever 形容词后宾从：that, whether, if，wh-, how 表语从句：that, whether, wh-, how 同位语从句：that, whether, wh-, how, -ever 定语从句：that, which, who, whom, whose, where, when, why 时间状语从句：when, whenever, as, while, before,after, untill, till, since,
9、once, as soon as 地点状语从句：where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere 原因状语从句：because,since, as, for 目的状语从句： so that, in order that,in case 结果状语从句：so.that, such.that 条件状语从句：if, unless, if only, so long as, in case 让步状语从句：though, even though, while, whereas -ever 比较状语从句：as.as, than, the+比较级.the比较级.主语从句， 表语从句 ，同位
10、语从句都属于复合句。 复合句是由一个主句和一个或几个从句构成。主句是句子的主体，从句一般只 起句子中的一个成分的作用，如用做主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语、状语 等。 1）主语从句，起主语作用的的从句叫主语从句。 如：That the earth is round is a fact known to us all.(地球是圆的是我们大家都知道的事实.) 2)表语从句，起表语作用的从句叫表语从句。它位于系动词之后。 如：This isnt what I want.(这不是我想要的东西) 3)同位语从句，对句子中的一个名词，通常是像 fact idea theory story truth 等 抽象名词，作进一步说明的从句，叫同位语从句。 如：Everybody knows the fact that the earth is round.(大家都知道地球是圆的 这一事实)
