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1、 ODI ：ODI is investment of domestic assets into foreign countries, is not investment in the stock markets or in the equity of firms, is composed of M it can be used in place of cash to make payments as ATM cards or each electronic debit cards. 支票帐户：支票存款帐户是方便，它可用于现金的地方， 使每一个在 ATM 卡或电子借记卡付款。 Bankers a
2、cceptances: A bankers acceptance (or BA) is a short-term credit investment created by a non-financial firm and guaranteed by a bank to make payment in a foreign trade. 银行承兑汇票：一个银行家的接受（或 BA）是一个短 期的信贷投入创造了一个非金融公司和银行担保，使在外国 贸易支付。 Commercial paper: Commercial papers are unsecured, short- term loans. Onl
3、y high credit rating and credit worthiness corporations have credit to issue commercial papers. 商业票据：商业本票为无抵押，短期贷款。只有高信用 评级和信用企业的信贷发行商业票据。 Repos：Repos (also known as repurchase agreements or Sale and Repurchase Agreement) are a form of overnight borrowing backed by government securities. 回购：回购协议（也称为
4、回购协议或出售和回购协议称） 是一种由政府担保隔夜拆借证券形式。 A balance sheet: In financial accounting, a balance sheet (or statement of financial position) is a summary of a persons or organizations balances 资产负债表：财务会计，资产负债表（或财务状况表）是一个人或组织的结余摘要 The income statement：shows revenues and expenses of a company for a given period of
5、 time。 损益表：显示收入和一个特定的时间内对公司的开支。 简答： 1) What do you understand by “open account business”? In an open account trade arrangement, the goods are shipped to a buyer without guarantee of payment. Quite often, the buyer does not pay the agreed time. Unless the buyers integrity is unquestionable, this trad
6、e arrangement is risky to the seller. 1）你是怎样理解的“开户业务”？ 在一个开放的帐户贸易安排，将货物运到买方不付款的保证。 很多时候，买方不支付约定的时间。除非买方的诚信是不容 置疑的，这种贸易安排是有风险的卖方。 2) Benefits and costs of FDI1 Host-country benefits The main benefits of inward FDI for a host country arise from resource-transfer effects, employment effects, and balanc
7、e-of- payments effects.2 Host-country costs These costs of FDI concern host countries. They arise from possible adverse effects on competition within the host nation, adverse effects on the balance of payments, and the perceived loss of national sovereignty and autonomy.3 Home-country benefits The b
8、enefits of FDI to the home country arise from three sources. First, the home countrys balance of payments benefits from the inward flow of foreign earnings. Second, benefits to the home country from outward FDI arise from employment effects. As with the balance of payments, positive employment effec
9、ts arise when the foreign subsidiary creates demand for home-country exports. Third, benefits arise when the home-country MNE learns valuable skills from its exposure to foreign markets that can subsequently be transferred back to the home country. This amounts to a reverse resource-transfer effect.
10、4 Home-country costs Against these benefits must be set the apparent costs of FDI for the home country. The most important concerns center on the balance-of-payments and employment effects of outward FDI. First, the balance of payments suffers from the initial capital outflow required to finance the
11、 FDI. Second, the current account of the balance of payments suffers if the purpose of the foreign investment is to serve the home market from a low-cost production location. Third, the current account of the balance of payments suffers if the FDI is a substitute for direct exports. 2）外国直接投资的成本效益与 1
12、 东道国福利 外来直接投资对东道国的主要好处源于资源转移效应，就业 效应，平衡国际收支的影响。 2 东道国成本 外国直接投资的关注东道国这些费用。他们对竞争产生的不 利影响可能在主办国，在国际收支，以及国家主权和自主权 丧失知觉的不利影响。 3 母国利益 外国直接投资的好处本国来自三个来源。首先，母国的利益 平衡国际收支的外汇收入来自外来流动。 其次，从对外直接投资的好处来自本国就业的影响。作为与 国际收支的平衡，积极的就业影响时出现的外国子公司创造 了母国出口的需求。 第三，福利问题时的母国从跨国公司学习，可以接触到后来 调回本国国外市场有用的技能。这相当于一个反向资源转移效应。 4 母国成
13、本 针对这些好处必须为本国的外国直接投资明显成本。最重要 的关注中心，在平衡国际收支和对外直接投资的就业效应。 首先，国际收支患有初始资本所需的经费外国直接投资流出。 第二，国际收支经常账户遭受如果外国投资的目的是为从低 生产成本在国内市场的位置。第三，国际收支经常账户遭受 如果外国直接投资是直接出口的替代品。 3) The structure and main items of balance sheet 1.Assets: In business and accounting, assets are everything owned by a person or company that
14、can be converted into cash. Includes Current assets and Long-term assets. The current assets include cash, Cash equivalents, Account receivable, Inventory. The long-term assets include tangible and intangible 2.Liabilities: Liabilities are financial debts of a company to their outside clients. Inclu
15、des Current liabilities and Long-term liabilities. 3.Owners equity: In business and accounting, after all liabilities are paid, ownership equity is the remaining interest in assets. Includes Capital and Retained earning and Net worth. 3）结构和资产负债表主要项目 1。资产：在商业和会计，资产由一个人或公司，可转换 成现金所拥有的一切。包括流动资产和长期资产。流动
16、 资产包括现金，现金等价物，应收账款，存货。长期资 产包括有形和无形 2。负债：负债是外部客户，以他们公司的财政债务。包 括流动负债和长期负债。 3。所有者权益：在业务和会计，支付所有的债务后，所 有者权益是资产的剩余权益。包括资本和留存收益和净 资产。 4) Different methods to express a foreign exchange rate 1. The most common method would express the amount of foreign currency to buy one U.S. dollar E.g. USD/CND = 1.4300 2. Another commonly used is the USD amount can be exchanged for one unit of a foreign currency E.g. CND/USD = 0.6700 3. The
