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1、智能环境监测系统的设计Design on the intelligent system of monitoring environment摘 要系统主要由数据采集端和移动监控终端两部分组成。采用 16 位单片机 SPCE061A 为处理核心，在数据采集端，利用两片 CD4067BE 分别挂接 16 只 DHT11 温湿度传感器和 16 只光照强度传感器；采用 10 位 ADC 实现对环境声音的实时录制，加入 OV7670 摄像头进行实时拍照监控，最后把所采集到的数据帧通过 NRF905 无线传输模块传送到移动监控终端。在移动监控终端，通过 NRF905 接收数据，将处理后的环境参数数据进行显示
2、，接收到的语音压缩编码通过 10 位 DAC 进行解码播放，通过按键切换进入全屏环境参数显示模式或全屏监控照片显示模式，并将接受到的环境参数、声音、照片存储到 SD 卡中。本文以SPCE061A 超低功耗单片机为核心，设计了通用智能终端和智能温湿度传感器，重点介绍了该终端和传感器的任务、硬件、软件以及控制算法的设计与实现。硬件方面，介绍了系统各个部分的设计思想、原理电路以及，并给出了系统总硬件原理图；另外，为了实现系统的低成本和低功耗，在满足设计要求的前提下，尽可能选用了价格低廉和低功耗的元器件。软件方面，采用了时间触发的混合调度器模式设计，对系统各个任务进行了设计，并给出了系统软件低功耗设计
3、方法。关键词关键词：SPCE061A；多节点；无线传输；HMI AbstractThe system is designed for two parts of data acquisition terminal and mobile monitoring terminal. Its processing core is SPCE061A which is a 16 bits mcu. In the data acquisition terminal, 16 DHT11 of single bus temperature, humidity sensor and 16 light intensi
4、ty sensor are hung on two CD4067BE. The environmental sound is recorded to coding and compression with 10 bits ADC which is built in the mcu at any time. Add OV7670 which is a camera module to monitor at anytime. ALL collected data is transmitted to the mobile monitoring terminal through NRF905 of w
5、ireless transmission module. In the mobile monitoring terminal, the data is received through NRF905.The environmental parameter data is displayed after dealing with and the compression coding of speech is decoded to play with 10 bits DAC.We can switch to full-screen environment parameter display mod
6、e or full-screen picture display mode with the keys. At last, the environmental parameter, sound and photos are stored to the SD card.Based on the SPCE061A ultra low power microcontroller as the core, a general intelligent terminal and intelligent temperature and humidity sensor design, focuses on t
7、he terminal and sensor task, hardware, software and the design of control algorithm and realization. In terms of hardware, introduces the various parts of the system design thought, the principle circuit and system, and the total hardware principle diagram is given; in addition, in order to realize
8、the system of low cost and low power consumption, in satisfies the design request under the premise, the low price and low power consumption components as possible. In terms of software, using mixed scheduler mode design time triggered, the various tasks for the design, and gives the low power desig
9、n method of system software.Key words: SPCE061A; Multi node; Wireless transmission; HMI目录第 1 章 绪论.11.1 课题提出的背景.11.2 国内外发展现状.11.3 目前监控系统中存在的问题.21.4 课题研究任务.3第 2 章 智能环境监控系统总体设计.42.1 系统总体设计.42.2 工作原理 .5第 3 章 系统硬件选择.63.1 处理器的选择 .63.1.1 基础单片机概述 .63.1.2 SPCE061A 单片机.73.1.3 方案选择 .73.2 温度传感器的选择 .73.2.1 热敏电阻简介 .73.2.2 DS18B20 温度传感器简介.83.2.3 DHT11 数字温湿度传感器.83.3 湿度传感器的选择 .93.3.1 湿敏电阻简介 .93.3.2 DHT11 数字温湿度传感器.93.4 光照强度传感器的选择 .
