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1、DETAILSITS IN THEHANS HAGEN PRAGMA ADE HASSELT NLIntroduction1On the ConTEXt mailing list, occasionally a user asks if we can post a complete document with the associated style. One reason for not honouring this request is that we want users to cook up their own styles. Besides that, there are a cou
2、ple of styles in the regular ConTEXt distribution. When browsing through this document, a ConTEXt user may wonder what style was used to achieve its look and feel. We hope that while reading the textand playing with the examples, the reader will accomplish the skills to define more than just simple
3、layouts. This document is not easy reading. Occasionally we spend some time explain- ing features not described in the manuals. The design of this document is to a large extent determined by its purpose, and as a result not always functional. Also the order of presenting features, tips and tricks is
4、 kind of random and un-structured. The idea is that the visual effects will draw you to the right trick.Also, if you realy want to benefit from these features, there is no way but to read the whole story.In spite of all its shortcomings, I hope that you enjoy reading this (yet unfin-ished) manual. K
5、eep in mind that this manual is far from finished.Hans Hagen Hasselt NL Spring 20022Table of contents31Snapping section heads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2Pseudo columns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6、. . . . . . . . . . . 9 3Backgrounds behind text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4Tuning math formulas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 5Floating around . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 6Finetuning graphics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 7Ornaments everywhere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 8Grid trickery. . . . .
8、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Document index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 About this document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9、. . . . . . . . . . . . 914Snapping section heads15123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748Although TEX is pretty good in applying glue to the paragraphs and pages, style designers often prefer typesetting on a grid. One reason for this is that when you
10、 print on not too thick paper, line will not shine through in annoying ways. As soon as some typeset component has a height and/or depth larger thanthose of a single line, we need to compensate for the difference. For instance section headers are typeset in a font larger than the one used for typese
11、tting the body text. This is where the grid snapper comes into action. Consider thefollowing definition:defineheadDemoSectionsection setuphead DemoSectionbefore=blank,after=blankTo save some space, we dont put too much white space before and after a head. Because we are in grid snapping mode, the bl
12、ank skips will equal the line height.setupheadDemoSectionstyle=bfbWe set the style to a font where the sum of the height and depth exceeds the normal lineheight.1.1 Snapping around (default).Here we dont tune the snapper, we just apply the default handling. This means that the bottom line of the tit
13、le will be aligned to the grid. The height is auto- matically set to a value that matches the grid. By nature, TEX is not a strong grid thinker. There are several reason for this:Display math seldom fits to grid lines. Graphics are not designed with grids in mind. TEX thinks in paragraphs and pages
14、and not in lines. Not standard text, like math, not always fits on grids.Typesetting on a grid makes most sense when you have a relatively simple document. As soon as parts of the text have unexpected dimensions, for example due to backgrounds with appropriate spacing at the top and bottom, followin
15、g a grid scheme quickly becomes messy.So, before you decide to typeset on a grid, first ask yourself the question if itsworth the trouble. In a single column text with lots of whitespace and different typographical elements, grid based typesetting can turn out rather ugly. Many designers get grids f
16、orced up by their desk top applications, but in ConTEXt we do have a choice and can get consistent spacing without grids too.In the next example sections we will explore some ways to influence placement on the grid. We will focus on section headers.61234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647481.2 Snapping around (top).The dimensions of a header determine the amount of space that is taken. Nor- mally the default placement is ok,
