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1、洛阳理工学院毕业设计（论文）I连杆加工的数控编程摘 要连杆是发动机的关键零件，主要承受高温气体压力和往复惯性力所产生的拉伸、压缩、弯曲等高频交变载荷，服务条件恶劣，运动状态复杂，疲劳、磨损、高温、振动等影响连杆的使用寿命。因此连杆必须具有足够的疲劳强度、刚度与综合机械性能，制造精度要求很高，且连杆零件小而型面复杂、空间尺寸不便测量，加工部位多，形位公差部位多且要求严格，加工中难以控制。针对零件结构特点、精度要求及加工的难易程度，采用数控加工的方法。数控加工不但可以极大地提高精度，包括加工质量精度及加工时间误差精度，而且可以稳定加工质量，保持加工零件质量的一致。数控技术在制造业的广泛运用，使当今
2、的制造业生产面貌焕然一新。本文根据连杆的结构特点和加工要求，阐述了连杆的工艺设计及其具体内容，通过对被加工零件的工艺分析，运用所学数控技术知识，对某些工步进行了数控编程。关键词：连 杆，加工工艺，数控编程洛阳理工学院毕业设计（论文）II英文题目ABSTRACTConnecting rod is the key parts of engine, it main bears high temperature gas pressure and reciprocating inertia force generated by stretching and compression, bending hi
3、gh frequency alternating load, service conditions, motions complex, fatigue, wear, high temperature, the influence of vibration using life. Therefore it must have enough connecting fatigue strength, stiffness and mechanical properties, manufacturing precision demanding, and the connecting rod part h
4、as the features as small and complicated structure, hard to measure the dimensions, many positions need to process, has strict requirements on position tolerances and hard to control during machining. It adopts CNC processing method for parts structure characteristics, accuracy and processing diffic
5、ulty. NC machining not only can greatly improve the accuracy, Including processing quality precision and processing time error precision, but also can stable machining quality, keep the consistent quality processing components. Numerical control technology is widely used in manufacturing industry, i
6、t makes todays manufacturing appearance to look brand-new. According to the structure characteristics of the connecting rod, it expounds and process requirements of process design and connecting the specific content. Based on the analysis of the technology of processed spares, I use to the learned n
7、umerical control technology knowledge, making the CNC programming for some workers step.KEY WORDS: Connecting rod, Processing technology, NC programming洛阳理工学院毕业设计（论文）III目 录前 言.1第 1 章 数控加工的概述.31.1 数控加工.31.2 数控加工技术的发展.31.3 数控加工工艺的内容.41.4 数控加工工艺的特点.4第 2 章 连杆加工工艺.62.1 连杆的结构特点.62.2 连杆的主要技术要求.72.2.1 大、小头孔
8、的尺寸精度、形状精度.72.2.2 大、小头孔轴心线在两个互相垂直方向的平行度.72.2.3 大、小头孔中心距及两端面对大头孔中心线的垂直度.82.2.4 大、小头孔两端面的技术要求.82.2.5 螺栓孔的技术要求.82.2.6 有关结合面的技术要求.92.3 毛坯的选择和加工余量的确定原则.92.4 连杆的加工工序.102.5 连杆的加工工艺过程分析.122.5.1 工艺过程的安排.122.5.2 定位基准的选择.122.5.3 确定合理的夹紧方法.142.5.4 连杆两端面的加工.142.5.5 连杆大、小头孔的加工.152.5.6 连杆螺栓孔的加工.152.5.7 连杆体与连杆盖的胀断工序.152.5.8 大头孔两侧面的加工.162.6 连杆加工工艺设计应考虑的问题.162.7 切削用量的选择原则.16洛阳理工学院毕业设计（论文）IV2.7.1 粗加工时切削用量的选择原则.162.7.2 精加工时切削用量的选择原则.182.8 确定各工序的加工余量、计算工序尺寸及公差.182.8.1 确定加工余量.182.8.2 确定工序尺寸及其公差.19第 3 章 部分工序的数控编程.203.1 数控编程.203.1.1 数控编程技术.203.1.2 数控编程的方法.203.2 部分工序的数控程序.21结 论.27谢 辞.
