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1、摘 要 I 摘 要 随着数字化设计技术应用的不断成熟,机电产品设计开发的效率和质量不断 提高。飞机产品结构设计的内容复杂、过程繁琐,并且对可靠性的要求极高。在 这种背景下,飞机设计人员迫切需要一种有效且具有一定智能特性的辅助设计工 具,以减轻工作量,提高设计效率,提升设计可靠性。针对飞机产品的特点和飞 机结构设计中所亟待解决的问题,本文做了以下研究工作: 详细分析了国内外学者在飞机结构设计知识的获取、表达和重用上所取得的 成果, 综述了上述成果在三维 CAD 与知识处理系统集成上所作的研究以及实际应 用。 进行了飞机结构设计的知识获取技术的研究。 针对飞机结构设计的知识类型, 采用基于模糊聚类
2、分析的数据挖掘技术进行设计知识的提取,并采用曲线图坐标 点自动识取技术对纸质曲线图进行数字化转化,提高了知识处理的效率。 进行了飞机结构设计的知识表达技术的研究。分别对规则性知识、过程性知 识、网络性知识以及实例知识提出了有效的知识表达方法 。 为方便进行知识的推 理, 本文采用基于 XML 的知识统一表达形式, 实现了多知识文档的联合推理过程。 进行了飞机结构设计的知识重用技术的研究。 采用可拓学技术建立了基元的 N 次放缩可拓重用模型,给出了知识可拓重用程度的计算方法,实现了飞机结构设 计的知识可拓重用。 研究了知识处理系统与 CATIA 集成技术, 采用组件框架结构 (CAA) 实现 了
3、 对 CATIA 软件的二次开发, 基于上述关键技术, 开发了面向 CATIA 三维设计软 件 的知识处理系统,用于辅助设计人员进行飞机结构的智能设计。测试表明,系统 能够有效地实现对现有飞机结构设计的知识重用。 关键词:知识获取;知识表达;知识重用;CATIA 二次开发 Abstract II Abstract With the development of digital design technology application, the efficiency and quality of electromechanical products design enhances unceas
4、ingly. The design content and process of aircraft structure is complex, and the requirement of reliability to the design is extremely high. In this context, the designers desperately need an effective and even some intelligent auxiliary tool in order to reduce the workload, to improve the design eff
5、iciency and promote the reliability of the design. According to the characteristics of aircraft structure design and the problems to be solved, the following research work was made in this paper. The paper analyzed the achievements of domestic an international scholars in aircraft design knowledge a
6、cquisition, expression and reuse. And in the same time, it also showed us the application of integration in 3D CAD software and knowledge processing system. The knowledge acquisition technology of aircraft structure design was studied. Especially using the Condition Fuzzy Cluster Means to analyze an
7、d extract the structure design knowledge, and the Automatic Point Extracting Method to transform the paper graph. The knowledge expression technology of aircraft structure design was addressed. A knowledge representation method was put forward, which is effective for regular knowledge, processing kn
8、owledge, network knowledge and case knowledge. The knowledge reuse technology of aircraft structure design was discussed. The N times zooming extension reuse model was established, which is based on the element, and the method to calculate the extension reuse degree was given. Based on these technol
9、ogies above, the reuse of the aircraft structure design knowledge was realized. Finally, this paper discussed the integration technology of knowledge processing system with CATIA, realized the redevelopment of CATIA software based on CAA, and developed a knowledge processing system oriented to the C
10、ATIA software based on these key technologies. The test shows that the system is useful in intelligent design of the aircraft and can effectively reuse the existing knowledge of aircraft structure design. Keywords: Knowledge acquirement, Knowledge expression, Knowledge reuse, Redevelopment of CATIA
11、目 录 - 1 - 目 录 摘 要 . I Abstract . II 第 1 章 绪论 . 1 1.1 课题来源 . 1 1.2 课题研究的背景与意义 . 1 1.3 国内外相关技术研究现状 . 2 1.3.1 知识的获取技术 . 2 1.3.2 知识的表达技术 . 3 1.3.3 知识的重用技术 . 5 1.3.4 知识系统与 CAD 软件集成技术 . 7 1.4 本文的主要研究内容 . 8 第 2 章 面向飞机结构设计的知识获取技术 . 9 2.1 引言 . 9 2.2 基于模糊聚类的数据挖掘技术 . 9 2.3 曲线图坐标点的数字化处理技术 . 14 2.4 本章小结 . 16 第 3 章 面向飞机结构设计的知识表达方法 . 17 3.1 引言 .