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1、2011级小学期 53组1目录CHAPTER 1 TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY MEASURING PRINCIPLE .21.1 THE SCHEME SELECTION OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSOR .21.2 THE SCHEME SELECTION OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY DISPLAY.2CHAPTER 2 THE HARDWARE DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM.32.1 THE OVERALL DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM HARDWARE.32.2 THE MAIN
2、 SCHEME SELECTION AND DESIGN OF THE CONTROL MODULE .42.2.1 SINGLECHIP STC89C52 INTRODUCTION .62.2.2 THE MAIN CONTROL MODULE CIRCUIT .72.3 THE SELECTION AND DESIGN OF THE RTC MODULE SCHEME.82.4 THE DESIGN OF INTERFACE MODULES .8CHAPTER 3 THE DESIGN OF SYSTEM SOFTWARE.93.1 SYSTEM OF THE MAIN PROGRAM A
3、ND FLOW CHART .93.2 THE READ OPERATION FLOW CHART OF DS1302 CLOCK CHIP.103.3 WRITE OPERATION FLOW CHART THE OF LCD MODULE.11CHAPTER 4 THE EXPERIMENT AND DEBUGGING .124.1 DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS.14 CHAPTER 5 TEAM DIVISION OF LABOR AND COMMENTS.15 APPENDIX A：ELECTRIC SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM .18APPENDIX B
4、：PROGRAM LIST .19APPENDIX C：EXTERNAL VIEW .322011级小学期 53组2第1 章 温湿度测量原理单片机的接口信号是数字信号。要想用单片机获取温湿度这类非电信号的信息，必须将其转换为数字信号，因为如果电流或电压输出是模拟信号，还必须进行A/D转换，以满足单片机接口的需要。如果是数字信号就可以直接送往单片机进行数据处理。1.1 温湿度传感器的方案选择DS18B20+HS1100因为HS1100在网上的资料相当匮乏，以及老师在课程开始前说HS1100输出为模拟信号，需要加A/D转换。以及，分别采用温度湿度传感器的话，占用电路板空间会更大。综合考虑以上因素，
5、我们认为温湿度传感器SHT11/10更好。SHT11/10因为在中发电子市场，一下子找不到SHT11插针式的传感器，所以我们选用了精度稍低的SHT10。1.2 温湿度显示的方案选择方案一：时钟的显示可以用多位七段 LED数码管显示，七段 LED数码管显示耗能多，而且显示位数有限，每增加一位都要在程序设计和硬件设计方面增加很多的工作量，不利于电路的扩展，而且无法显示年、月、日、星期这些汉字，使得显示不够直观，灵活。但是这种设计方案在显示位数比较少时性价比比较高，价格便宜，方案二：采用点阵式数码管显示。点阵式数码管是由八行八列的发光二极管组成，对于显示文字比较适合,而在本课题设计中的显示数字较多字
6、符较少，而且此种方案耗能多，不符合现代的节能理念，所以不用此种作为显示。方案三：采用 LCD液晶显示器显示。而 LCD液晶显示则耗能少，能够显示年、月、日、星期等汉字，在显示方面更加灵活，而且改变显示时只要改变软件设计就可以，不用改变硬件电路的设计，易于电路的功能扩展。电路的软件设计也很简单。另外，这种设计硬件更加简洁。采用 LCD液晶显示方案的缺点是在显示位数比较少时，价格也并不贵。比较上述两种方案可以看出方案三耗能少，显示灵活，易于电路扩展而且不管是软件设计还是硬件设计都比较简单，因此采用第三种设计方案。2011级小学期 53组3综上所述，本设计采用 SHT10做温湿度传感器，引入 DS1
7、302时间模块的设计方案，显示使用 LCD液晶显示。其中 LCD1602性价比高，自带字模，选用 LCD1602。2011级小学期 53组4第 2 章 系统硬件设计根据温湿度传感器的功能要求，基于单片机的设计方案要运用集成SHT10，实现实时数据记录与读取:（1）基本要求a) 具有读取温湿度并显示的功能（2）创新要求a) 具高温报警功能b) 具有日历功能2.1 系统硬件的整体设计主控芯片使用 51系列 STC89C52单片机，系统由主控制器 STC89C52、时钟芯片 DS1302、LCD1602 液晶显示电路 LED灯高温报警电路组成。系统硬件设计框图:系统硬件设计框图2011级小学期 53
8、组52.2 The main scheme selection and design of the control module It will definitely decrease complexity of hard circuits if main functions are realized by software. Thus we made our system a microcomputer-based one. To implement asked functions, we just need a simple featured microcomputer. I chose
9、the STC89C52 to accomplish the mission in the light of its high cost performance.2.2.1 Description of STC89C52The STC89C52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 8K bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmels high
10、-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard 80C51 and 80C52 instruction set and pin out. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash
11、on a monolithic chip, the STC89C52 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications. Pin Configurations PDIP STC89C52 PDIP The AT89C52 provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O l
12、ines, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full-duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89C52 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. T
13、he Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip 2011级小学期 53组6functions until the next hardware reset.2.2.2 The main control mo
14、dule circuitTaking the PO port of singlechip STC89C52 as the inpur port. Connecting the P1 ，the clock of SHT10 and data, taking the temperature and humidity data acquisition and connecting the DS1302 acquisition time information； the P0 Connects the D0D7 pin of LCD1602，The XTAL1 of singlechip connects the external crystal and One end of the trimm
