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1、主谓一致考点分析考点一、考查主语和谓语形式或意义上的一致(一) 当主语是单数可数名词、不可数名词、(疑问词+)to do结构、动词-ing形式、主语从句、复合不定代词、表单位数量的时间、距离、金钱、重量、复数形式的学科名词(physics, politics)、国家或组织名称(the United States, the United Nations)等，谓语动词常用单数。提示：what引导的主语从句所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。(如：What we need are good doctors.我们需要的是好医生。)如果强调数目，谓语动词用复数。如：More than t
2、wenty years have passed since we graduated. 我们毕业后已经过了二十多年。【考例1】All the scientific evidence _ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _ damaging our health. (2012湖南)A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is解析：D。evidence与use在句中均为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 【考例2】 Walmart, which is one of the largest
3、 American supermarket chains, _ some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. (2012安徽)A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept解析：A。Walmart属于专有名词，谓语应用单数形式。 (二) 在“名词代词介宾结构谓语”结构中，谓语动词与名词代词保持一致，介宾结构看作修饰成分。该结构中的常见介词及短语介词有withtogether withalong withas well aslikerather thanbutexceptbesid
4、es / including / in addition to等。【考例】 The famous musician, as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. (2013福建)A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited 解析：B。主语为The famous musician，as well as起修饰作用，根据2012 Taipei Flower Ex
5、po可知，描述的是过去的事，因此用一般过去时。(三) “alla lotplentypartthe restmost /分数/百分数of名词代词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式一般取决于of后的名词或代词的数。表示复数概念用复数动词，表示单数概念用单数动词。【考例1】 The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes. (2011安徽)A. is B. are C. was D. were 解析：D。which指代前面的the raw materials，为
6、复数形式，因此谓语动词用复数。本句描述过去的事情，因此应用一般过去时。 【考例2】 One-third of the country _ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black people. (2011湖南)A. is; are B. is; isC. are; are D. are; is解析： A。the majority of+可数名词复数结构作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。(四)a number ofan average ofa total of等+可数名词复数构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；而th
7、e number ofthe average ofthe total of等+名词构成短语作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；“a great(large)small number of，many，a few， few, a good(great) many, dozens of, scores of可数名词复数”结构作主语时，谓语动词应用复数。a little， little, much， a great deal of， a large amount of一般只修饰不可数名词，其谓语动词用单数形式。(如：A great deal of petrol is wasted. )【考例1】 The
8、 number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since 1990. (2009山东)A. is B. are C. has been D. have been解析：C。本句的主语为The number of结构。【考例2】 Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _ in the clothing industry. (2005辽宁)A. is working B. works
9、C. work D. worked 解析：C。句中a large number of作主语，意为“大量的”。 (五)“one of 复数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。但 “one of复数名词”结构后接定语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用复数形式；而在“the only/ right/ very one of名词关系代词从句谓语”结构中，从句谓语动词用单数。【考例1】 Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress. (2010全国)A. wear B. wears C.
10、 has worn D. have worn解析：B。从句先行词为the only one of the women，从句谓语动词用单数。 【考例2】 At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport _ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area. (2009江西)A. is B. are C. will be D. was 解析：A。该句是one of.结构充当主语。(六) pairs ofamounts ofquantities of.等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形
11、式； a pair of(表示一双，一条时)an amount of / a series of构成短语作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。【考例1】 Why does the lake smell terrible? Because large quantities of water _. (2009福建)A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted解析： D。该句是quantities of构成的短语作主语，所以谓语动词用复数形式。【考例2】 As a result of des
12、troying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land. (2001上海)A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have解析：B。 a number of后通常接可数名词复数，该句desert 是不可数名词, a large quantity of后面接可数名词复数或不可数名词 ；a quantity of后面加的desert为不可数名词，所以谓语动词用单数形式。(七) and连接并列主语表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，表示不同概念时谓语动词常
13、用复数形式。【考例1】 A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. (2006江苏)A. is B. are C. was D. were解析：A。句意：一位诗人兼艺术家明天下午要给我们做关于中国文学和绘画的报告。该题由and连接两个名词作主语，但第二个名词前没有冠词，因此指的是同一人，故谓语用单数形式。注意：由and连接的两个带冠词单数名词，表示复数概念时，谓语动词用复数形式。如： The tenth and the last chapt
14、er were written by his father.【考例2】 Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _ yet. (2007浙江)A. hasnt been decided B. havent decided C. isnt being decided D. arent decided解析：A。 when and where指的是“做讲座的时间和地点”这一个概念，可用单数形式。由yet可知应用完成时态。【注意】如表示不同的概念，则要用复数。如：When the
15、y will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. (八) cattlepolicepeopleclothesgoods以及复数可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。(九)单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常根据句意来确定。常见的这类词有deer / fish / means / sheep / species / works等。如： All means have been tried. 各种手段都试过了。 One means is still to be tried. 还有一种手段尚待一试。 (十)主语是集合名词family / government / public / audience等，表示强调整体时谓语动词用单数，如强调个体谓语动词用复数。考点二、谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致(一) eitherorneithernor not onlybut alsonotbut/or等连接并列主语时，
