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1、北京化工大学北方学院毕业设计（论文）外文文献原稿和译文1外文文献原稿和译文原 稿THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CARKarl Benz, Germanys daimler-benz famous automobile company is one of the founders of one of the pioneers of modern automobile industry, called the father of the car, car. In 1885, he developed into a tricycle with 0.85 horsepower gaso
2、line engine, this is the first car in the world. Almost at the same time, another German engineer gothic, Daimler also developed a use 1.1 HP gasoline engine as power of four-wheel car. But the first one on the production line of assembly of four-wheel vehicle model T ford was born in the United Sta
3、tes in 1908. Ford model T change the modelling of previous car horse model, combined with the innovation and improvement of function configuration, It has become a city was the best personal transport. Car after birth, bring us great convenience, at the same time itself has tremendous development. M
4、aterial adopts full metal body, the monocoque body to monocoque body, car is no longer the simple sum of the chassis and body but become whole. Front engine rear wheel drive layout and the first transmission, plus the nacelle cover height and the reducing of the passenger seat, etc., the outline of
5、the modern car prototype. If Germany invented the car, the United States put the industry into the temple of the art design, it will have to mention harry el this master of the greatest car design and he created by harry el era. Harry el into devised after gm has rounded lines, tapered tail, long lo
6、w profile Cadillac. Harry el joined the chromium plated adornment. In car design and introduces clay model technology, make the car more flexible shape. 北京化工大学北方学院毕业设计（论文）外文文献原稿和译文2The first concept car in the world and his designed buick. The great depression of the 1930 s to the end of world war i
7、i for 20 years, is one of the important period, car design to modern automobile design adopts streamlined and ship type car. Europe ahead in terms of streamline design. Italian giuseppe merosi1913 years to count ricotti company design car was streamlined the early works. Due to the recession, Americ
8、an manufacturers are realizing that aerodynamics is important in the save fuel. Streamline in the 30 s is almost synonymous with fashion. Headstock wider, tyre bales, headlamps in front, hung in the rear of the free-standing trunk and the rear of the be in harmony are an organic whole, laid a protot
9、ype of the modern saloon car. Chrysler airflow in 1934 adopted the lighter monocoque body, reached the front axle of 54:46 quality distribution (at that time the same products as 0) sharply increased the manipulation. In the 40 s, streamlined trend as fashion fades. Represented by buick J job of the
10、 new type of car has a prominent nose and down the rear, become a ship body. During this time, because the European manufacturers in engineering technology has made great progress, Citroen in the 30 s will independent front suspension and front-wheel drive technology in large scale used in the car.
11、In order to reduce weight, it also adopted the monocoque body from the car. The end of the 19th century, the cars top speed reached 50 km/h, open the body to make the transition to the enclosed body. In 1974 was an important year, Mario. Gandhi, lamborghini and George roya design of Volkswagen golf
12、was born in the year, marking the variety and design of rectangular plane, they adopt right-angle decades of curve modelling drop popular aesthetic ruthless put aside. As accurately made several used with complex line is composed of different materials and the structure of the curved surface parts a
13、nd the difficulty of the perfect combination together much more often than build a few set of building blocks, so the boxy shape in the 80 s boom. Affected by the oil crisis in the 1970 s, 80 s relative fiscal difficulties, the practical development of cars began to diversification. From military, a
14、gricultural, expedition in areas such as design, with a special lack of style nostalgia and strong 北京化工大学北方学院毕业设计（论文）外文文献原稿和译文3practical features, in the car world making waves and later became a fashion. The most can reflect the shift of American jeep gradually become a part of the American cultura
15、l landscape after 40 s. Born in 1974, the first jeep, become a jeep in the history of the most successful series. But affected by the oil crisis, people begin to pay close attention to more exquisite, look more like a car sports utility vehicle. The new 1984 jeep grand Cherokee, jeep before rugged o
16、ff-road vehicles has become a fashionable city car. With modern rapid economic development, people more the pursuit of individual character, more selective, more diversified, at the same time, it also leads to a wide variety of styles of car design such age. One of the classic doctrine, which contains many layers. Layer is the designer itself classic honor and respect for the past, is another layer of designer trying to give their own color in the original classi
