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1、Unit 2 English around the world,1. petrol /petrl/ n.U 汽油 =美gasoline The garage deals in oil, tires and petrol. 这个汽车库出售润滑油、轮胎和汽油。We stopped once to buy petrol and then stopped again to ask the way. 我们停下来买了一次汽油，然后又停下来问了一次路。2. gas /gs/ n. 汽油; 气体；煤气; 毒气Sorry Im late. I had to stop for gas. 对不起，我来迟了，因为我在
2、路上停车加油。 Hydrogen and oxygen are gases. 氢和氧是气体。Gas is now widely used for cooking and heating.现在普遍用煤气烧饭和取暖。Once they are out on the street, the cars will take in air and replace it with poison gases.汽车一旦出厂开到大街上,就会吸进空气,排出有毒气体。,3. official /fl/ adj. 官方的；正式的; 公务的 I am Japan, and my official language is
3、, you guessed it, Japanese! 我是日本人，我的官方语言是，你猜对了，日语！I can hardly believe that is our official attitude. 我几乎不能相信那是我们的正式态度。His official duties kept him busy. 他公务繁忙。 n. 官员, 政府官员,公务员a person who works in the government An official at the railway station said the train would arrive late. 火车站的一位官员说这列火车将晚点到达
4、。 An official of the local government called to see him. 当地政府一位官员来看他。4. voyage /v/ n. 航行 航海 He made a voyage to Japan. 他航行至日本。The voyage from England to India used to take 6 months. 从英国到印度的海上航行过去得用六个月的时间。,5. because of 因为；由于I was late because of the traffic. 因为交通堵塞，所以我来晚了。The game was put off becaus
5、e of rain. 比赛因雨延期。He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。6. native /netv/ adj. 本国的; 本地的He was happy to return to his native land. 他回到了故乡，很高兴。 English is not my native language. 英语不是我的本族语言。 n. 本地人; 本国人Listening to his accent, you think he was a Beijing native. Bu
6、t actually hes from Guangzhou.听口音像一个北京人,其实他是广州人。,7. come up 走近；上来；提出A strange man came up and talked to me. 一个陌生人走上前来跟我说话。The diver comes up for air. 潜水员升到水面呼吸空气。 The question hasnt come up yet. 这问题还没有被提出来。 8. apartment /p:tmnt/ n.（美）公寓住宅；单元住宅；一套公寓房间；I saw his new apartment. Its really a beauty. 我见过
7、他的新公寓，真的很棒。 The apartment in the central area are always expensive, I cant afford one. 中心区的公寓一般都很贵，我一个也买不起。,9. actually /ktl/ adv. 实际上；事实上, 真实地，真正地He looks unpleasant, but actually he is very kind. 他看起来板着面孔,但事实上很和蔼。 Im not a student; Im a doctor, actually. 我不是个学生，事实上，我是位医生。10. AD 公元But the Games sto
8、pped in 393 AD. 但在公元393年奥运会被取消了。What will world population be by 2020 AD? 到公元2020年世界人口会有多少？,11. base /bes/ vt. 以为根据；建于之上 rest; build; place; foundScientific theories must be based on facts. 科学理论必须以事实为根据。 This song is based on an old folk tune. 这首歌曲是以一首民间小调为基础的。 n. 1.基部； 基地；基础the lowest part of anyth
9、ing，the bottom or supporting part of anythingThe column stands on a narrow base. 柱子竖立在狭窄的地基上。 This vase falls over a lot because the base is too small. 这个花瓶常倒，因为瓶底太小。 Many languages have Latin as their base. 许多语言都以拉丁语为基础。12. at present 现在；目前He is at present away on his holidays. 他现在到外地度假去了。I dont ne
10、ed the dictionary at present. 我现在不需要这本字典。Situation at present makes us encouraging. 目前的形势令人鼓舞。,13. gradual /grl/ adj. 逐渐的; 逐步的 happening slowly and step by step After the accident, she suffered a gradual loss of memory. 事故后她逐渐开始失忆。There has been a gradual increase in the number of families owning re
11、frigerators.拥有电冰箱的家庭数一直在逐步增加。14. gradually /grl/ adv. 逐渐地; 逐步地Gradually a smile appeared on her face. 她脸上渐渐地露出笑容。You cant stop smoking altogether; you need to give up gradually. 你不能一下子戒烟，你得一点儿一点儿来。,15. vocabulary /vkbjlr/ n. 词汇; 词汇量; 词汇表Reading can enlarge your vocabulary. 阅读能扩大词汇量。If your vocabular
12、y is limited your chances of success are limited. 如果你的词汇量不大，你成功的机会也就不多。We must read as much as possible to enlarge our vocabulary. 我们必须尽可能多的阅读以扩大我们的词汇量。16. make use of 利用；使用He made good use of his time there by learning the language.他充分利用他在那儿的时间来学习语言。Waste material must be made full use of. 废弃材料必须充分
13、利用。Money is neither good nor bad, but all depends on what use is made of it.金钱本身无好坏,要看怎样利用它。,17. spelling /spel/ n. 拼写; 拼写法Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes. 除了一些拼写错误之外你的作文很好.The composition is not well written, and moreover, there are many spelling mistakes in it. 这篇作文写得不好，
14、而且，还有许多拼写错误。18. identity /adentt/ n. 本身；本体；身份The police asked him to show his identity card. 警察让他出示身份证。She refused to reveal her identity. 她拒绝透露自己的身分。,19. fluent /flu:nt/ adj. 流利的; 流畅的She likes him all the better for his fluent spoken English. 正因为他操一口流利的英语，她更爱他。As a tour guide, you must be very flue
15、nt in English. 作为导游，你的英语口语必须非常流利。20. fluently /flu:ntl/ adv. 流利地; 流畅地He speaks English fluently, but his pronunciation is very poor. 他英语讲得很流利,但发音却很糟糕。The children have read the poem several times, and can all recite it quite fluently now. 孩子们把这首诗念了又念，现在都能琅琅上口了。,21. such as 例如； 像这种的There are differen
16、t fruits, such as apples, bananas, and oranges. 有不同种类的水果，比如苹果，香蕉和桔子。Languages, such as English and French, are not difficult to learn. 语言，如英文、法文等，并不难学。 I know many of them, such as John, Peter, and Tom. 我认识他们当中的很多人，例如约翰、彼得和汤姆。 22. frequent /fri:kwnt/ adj. 经常的，频繁的, 时常发生的He is a frequent visitor to our house. 他是我们家的常客。Production in the factories stopped because of frequent power failures. 频繁的停电使工厂停产。,
