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1、1阅读理解-都是粗心惹的祸阅读理解潜规则必读：1阅读中态度题中立的选项永远不是正确答案。正面的态度 ：approving ，objective, impartial, optimistic, sympathetic。中间的态度 ：ambiguous, neutral ，indifferent 反面的态度 ：apprehensive ，arbitrary , biased , critical , depressing ，disappointing , doubtful ， gloomy , indignant ，negative , objectionable , partial ，pessi
2、mistic , radical , reserved ， scared , subjective , suspicious, questioning 2答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项。这些语气词有： must, always, never, the most, all, only, have to, any, no, very completely, none, hardly 等。3选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。这些语气词有： could, may, should, usually, might, most，more or less, relatively, be
3、likely to, possible, not necessarily 等。4选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案项，而同义替换的一般是选项5选项中表达意义较具体的、肤浅的一般不是答案项，而概括的、抽象的、含义深刻的是。6选项中易明白的一般不是选项；而似乎不太合理，一时较难理解的往往是正确选项。养成良好的阅读习惯：不是逐词阅读，而是按意群（meaningfulgroup）扫视、连贯阅读；不是拘泥于个别词句的理解，而力求融会贯通、掌握通篇的中心思想；不是通过翻译来理解，而是使英语的文字在大脑里直接产生意义。只有这样，阅读速度才能加快，理解准确率才高。 阅读理解方法：应看准确题干，根据不同的目的，采用不
4、同的方法一般说来，有快读、查读和细读三种。 （1）快读（Skimmming）：浏览全言语的方法了解文章的大意和主题思想，应特别注意文章的开始段、结束段、文章中每段的段首句和结尾句以及篇章连接手段和行文中的信息词（signalword ）。（2）查读（scanning）：看后面问题到文中锁定答案所在范围。（3）细读（intensive Reading）.找到文章中的有关范围以后，通过推理、判断、弄清文章中“字里行间” 潜在意思。在细读时，对没有学过的生词，可根据上下文推测。 阅读三忌和尚诵经，念念有词 / 摇头晃脑，审词酌句 / 三番五次，先英后中 长句解构 四找一定 第一步：找出所有连词 第二
5、步：找出所有从属连词 第三步：找出所有并列连词 第四步：找出所有独立性副词及其短语、 名词短语、分词短语和介词短语 第五步：定位主干成分 When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973-1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on edge of an area where deer spend their winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in sum
6、mer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again in the spring as the snow melted.综合题干扰项的设计方式： 概括范围太泛、过广（too general），表现为把文章中没有涉及到的内容也包括了进来；概括范围过窄（too narrow），表现为只涉及到主题的一个方面，或只概括了一两个段落； 选项内容实际上是文章的某个细节； 出现与主题相关的关键词语，但所表达的内容与文章主题不相吻合； 安排与文章不相干的选择。这种选项干扰性小，所以出现频率极低 Sample 1Suga
7、r history in the Hawaiian Islands is filled with pioneering. In sailing ship days, Hawaiian sugar growers were many months away from sources of supplies and from markets. This isolation built up among the Hawaiian growers an enduring spirit of cooperation. Growers shared with one another improvement
8、s in production. Without government aid of any sort, they build great irrigation projects. Without government help, they set up their own research and experiment 2organization. Pioneering together over the years, they have provided Hawaii with its largest industry.Q: Which of the following best summ
9、arizes the main idea of the passage?A) In sailing days, Hawaiian sugar growers were many months away from supplies and markets.B) How Hawaiian sugar growers built their great industry without government help.C) By pioneering together, sugar growers have provided Hawaii with its largest industry.D) H
10、ow Hawaiian sugar growers have set up their own research organization and shared improvements.Sample 2 California has a statewide plan to balance the distribution of water so that all regions receive the water necessary for daily living. Excess water from northern California is badly needed in the s
11、outh where most of the states people and farms are located. When the states project has been completed, California will boast the most extensive water transport system in history. This will include over 600 miles of canals, thousands of miles of drain, and 1,200 miles of underground pipelines. The p
12、roject is the largest public works program undertaken by a state in the history of the nation.Q: What does the passage mainly discuss?A) Water distribution programs in the United States. B) Inefficient methods of irrigation.C) The history of California. D) A public works project in California. Sampl
13、e 3 Although stage plays have been set to music since the era of the ancient Greeks, the usually accepted date for the beginning of opera as we know is in 1600. as a part of the celebration of the marriage of King Henry IV of France, the Florentine composer Jacopo Peri produced his famous “Euridice”
14、, generally considered to be the first opera. Its following his example that a group of Italian musicians began to revive the style of musical story that had been used in Greek tragedy.Q: This paragraph is a summary of _.A)Greek tragedy B) the first opera C)the development of opera D) EuridiceSample
15、 4 When new states were admitted it became evident that the flag would become burdened with stripes. Congress thereupon ordered that after July 4, 1818, the flag should have 13 stripes, symbolizing the 13 original states; that the union have 20 stars, and that whenever a new state was admitted a new
16、 star should be added on the July 4, following the admission. The 50-star flag of the US was raised for the first time officially on July 4, 1960, at Fort McHenry in Baltimore. The 50th star had been added for Hawaii, a year earlier the 49th, for Alaska. Before that, no star had been added since 1912, when New Mexico and Arizona were admitted to the Union.Q1: In 1912, before July 4,
