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1、Test1中国国画的根源可以追溯到新石器时代的陶器(Neolithicpottery)，比如鱼、青蛙、鹿、鸟、花、树叶的形状。最早的中国汉字是象形文字(pictograph)。由于相似的工具被使用于最早期的绘画和书写，绘画被认为是与书法(calligraphy)有着相同的起源。这样一来，中国国画就有着一种非凡的特征，也就是说，诗意和书法被印刻(inscribe )在画中，从而三者合为一体，给人们一种更加强烈的美的享受。【参考译文】 The roots of Chinese painting can be traced back to paintings on Neolithic pottery
2、 , such as figures of fish, frogs, deer, birds, flowers and tree leaves. The earliest Chinese characters were pictographs. Since similar tools were used for the earliest painting and writing, painting is said to have the same origin as calligraphy. Thus, Chinese painting has an outstanding character
3、istic, that is to say, poetry or calligraphy are inscribed on paintings so that the tree are integrated,giving people a keener enjoyment of beauty. 【难点注释】1第一句中， “追溯到”还可以译为 date back to 或 do back to。2第三句中， “被使用于”含被动含义，且此处表达过去的情况，故译为 were used for；“ 被 认为是”还可以译为 is deemed to 或 is considered to。3第四句中， “
4、这样一来”还可以译为 therefore；“也就是说”还可以译为 in other words； “三者合为一体” 应该使用被动语态结构，可译为 the three are integrated；“ 给人们一种更加强烈的美的享受”为结果状语，故用现在分词结构作状语，可译为 giving people a keener enjoyment of beauty. Test2中国的传统节庆膳食在数量和质量上都与平时有所不同。一些历史悠久、具有象征意义的食物也是节日必不可缺的。例如，端午节（Dragon Boat Festival）一天，人们通常要吃粽子。中秋节是赏月的日子。中秋节的特制食品是月饼。春
5、节是中国的农历（lunar）新年。除了常见的海鲜、家禽（poultry）和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统菜肴，如饺子和年糕。【参考译文】 Traditional Chinese holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms ofquantity and quality. Some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions. For example, on the Dragon Bo
6、at Festival,people will usually eat zongzi, or rice dumplings. The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The special food of the day is the yuebing, or moon cake. The spring festival is the Chinese lunar New Years holiday.In addition to the popular seafood, poultry and meat,
7、people will prepare traditional food, such as jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the year cake,according to their regional custom.【难点注释】 1.第一句除了上面的译法，还可以译为 The quantity and quality of traditional Chinese holiday meals are different from those of everyday meals.；“节庆膳食” 可译为 holiday meals。2.第
8、二句中， “食物” 的定语“历史悠久、具有象征意义的 ”较长，所以将其译为介词短 语，即with a long history and symbolic significance。3.第三句中， “粽子” 如果只用拼音 zongzi 来表达则不够明白，所以用 or rice dumplings 来 补充说明；同理，第五句中的“月饼”以及第七局中的“ 饺子” 和“年糕”都采用了同样的翻译法。4.第七句中， “除了之外” 还可以译为 besides。3 Test3景泰蓝(cloisonne )是一种起源于元代北京的独特艺术。在明代的 景泰年间，非常钟情于青铜制造技术(bronze-casting
9、techniques)的君王发展了色彩加工技术，并且创造了迎合东方审美的亮蓝色。在一次加工技术的突破之后，此君王的大部分日常用具都由景泰蓝制成。很快地，景泰蓝在普通人当中变得流行起来。在清朝，景泰蓝得到了发展，并且达到了其艺术巅峰。颜色更加精美，使用范围也扩大了。【参考译文】 Cloisonne is a unique art from that originated in Beijing during the YuanDynasty.In the period titled ”Jingtai” during the Ming Dynasty, the emperor who has very
10、 much interested in bronze-casting techniques improved the color process, and created the bright blue that catered oriental aesthetic sense. After a processing breakthrough, most articles for his daily use were made of Cloisonn.Cloisonn became popular among common people soon. During the Qing Dynast
11、y, Cloisonn has been improved and reached its artistic summit. Colors were more delicate, and scope of use was enlarged. 【难点注释】1.第一句中， “起源于元代北京的”应该使用定语从句，可译为 that originated in Beijing during the Yuan Dynasty。2.第二句中， “非常钟情于青铜制造技术的”是一个较长的定语，应该使用定于从句，可 译为 who was very much interested in bronze-casting
12、 techniques；“ 迎合”还可以译为 appealed to；“东方审美”可译为 the oriental aesthetic sense。3.第三句中， “加工技术的突破”可译为 a processing breakthrough。4.第四句中， “在普通人当中变得流行起来”可以用 became popular among the common people 来表达。5.第五句中， “达到了其艺术巅峰”可以用 reached its artistic summit 来表达。 Test4在中国，书法（calligraphy ）在传统艺术领域 占据了一个独特的位置。它不仅是一种沟通的方式
13、，而且是一个人在审美方面表达内心世界的渠道。古代人非常重视书法。这是很重要的能力，考生可以凭借它在科举考试（imperial examination）中展示出自己的文才，因为它能给考官留下第一印象。高官的子女不得不努力使自己写得一手好字，甚至是帝王自己也要擅长书法。 【参考译文】In China, calligraphy occupies a distinguished position in the field of traditional art. It is not only a means of communication ,but also a means of expressing
14、 a persons inner world in an aesthetic sense. Ancient people paid great attention to calligraphy. It was the essential capability by which a candidate could manifest this literary talent in the Imperial Examination, for it gave a first impression to the examiners. Children of high officials had to t
15、ry to write a good hand, and even emperors themselves were expected to be good at calligraphy. 【难点注释】1.第一句中， “占据了一个独特的位置”还可译为 has a unique place。2.第二句中， “不仅而且”可以用 not onlybut also来表达；“ 内心世界”可译为 inner world。3.第三句中， “重视” 还可译为 attached importance to, thought highly of 或 tookseriously;注 意从此句起用过去时。4.第四句中
16、， “展现” 还可以用 show 来表达5.第五句中， “帝王自己也要”意思是“帝王自己也被期望” 所以要译为 emperors themselves were expected to。 Test5刺绣（embroidery）是中国艺术里一枚璀璨的珍珠。从君王所穿的华丽的龙袍 （ Dragon Robe）到当今时尚界的流行刺绣，刺绣给我们的生活和文化增加了如此多的乐趣。在中国有记录可循的最早刺绣品始于商朝。在这一时期，刺绣象征着社会地位。而在不久之后，随着国家经济发展，刺绣进入到了寻常百姓的生活中。渐渐地，刺绣的图案范围变得更广，而且吉祥的（auspicious）语言也可以在刺绣上看到了。【参考译文】 Embroidery is a brilliant pearl in Chinese art. From the magnificent DragonRobe worn by Emperors to the popular embroidery seen in todays fashions,embro
