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1、关键词：非离子表面活性剂 希夫碱 吸附 表面张力 缓蚀 缓蚀速率 缓蚀效率a b s t r a c tA novel series of self-assembled nonionic Schiff base amphiphiles was synthesized and their chemical structures were confirmed using elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectra. The surface activities of these amphiphiles were determin
2、ed based on the data of surface and interfacial tension, critical micelle concentration, effectiveness, efficiency, maximum surface excess and minimum surface area. Thermodynamics of adsorption and micellization processes of these amphiphiles in their solutions were also calculated. The surface and
3、thermodynamic data showed their higher tendency towards adsorption at the interfaces. The synthesized amphiphiles were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for aluminum (3SR) at different doses (40010 ppm) in acidic medium (4N HCl) using weight loss and hydrogen evolution techniques. The corrosion meas
4、urements showed that the synthesized nonionic Schiff bases could serve as effective corrosion inhibitors. The surface and corrosion inhibition activities were correlated to the chemical structures of the inhibitors.摘要一种新型系列自组装非离子型两亲 Schiff 碱被合成，它们的化学结构用元素分析法确定，红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱。这些两亲分子的表面活性的确定要基于表面张力和界面张力、
5、临界胶束浓度，效果，效率，最大和最小表面积的数据。他们的方案也计算了吸附热力学和这些两亲分子胶束化过程。表面状况数据和热力学数据显示它们对在界面吸附有较大的倾向。 用失重法和析氢技术评价不同剂量（400-10ppm）的合成的两亲分子作为铝（3SR）的缓蚀剂在酸性介质（4N HCl）中的缓蚀效果。腐蚀实验表明合成的非离子型席夫碱是有效的缓蚀剂。表面活性和缓蚀性能与缓蚀剂的化学结构有关。1. IntroductionFerrous, nonferrous metals and their alloys are extensively used in industry. To remove unwa
6、nted scale and salt deposits or mill scales formed during manufacture, metals are immersed in acid solutions, which are known as an acid pickling bath. After the scale is removed, the metal may be subjected to attack by the acids. In order to reduce the degree of metal attack and rate of consumption
7、 of the acid, corrosion inhibitors are added to the pickling solutions Hydrochloric and sulphuric acids are the most commonly used acids in the pickling bath 1,2. Most commercial inhibitor formulations include aldehydes and amines in their structure 3,4. The choice of the inhibitors is based on two
8、considerations: first, they could be synthesized conventionally from relatively cheap raw materials; second, they contain the electron clouds on the aromatic rings or, the electronegative atoms such as benzene ring-containing Schiff bases 5,6. Schiff base inhibitors have been reported as effectively
9、 corrosion inhibitors for steel, copper and aluminum 79. These substances generally become effective by adsorption on the metal surface. Adsorption depends on the nature and charge of the metal and also, on the chemical structures of the inhibitors 10. Self-assembled mono- layer can provide a conven
10、ient method for corrosion inhibition,since the process of self-assembling is simple, and the chemical composition and thickness of self-assembled mono layers can be tailored by design and synthesis of the adsorption agent. The practical applications of self-assembled mono layers as corrosion inhibit
11、ors were explored by several investigators 1114. It was found that densely packed self-assembled mono layers heteroatom containing compounds were effective for blocking certain electrochemical processes, thus effectively act as corrosion inhibitors. In this study, different self-assembled inhibitors
12、 containing polyethylene glycol chains with different molecular weights and Schiff base terminal group were synthesized. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of these compounds towards aluminum alloy were examined using weight loss and hydrogen evolution techniques. The surface activities of these
13、Schiff base amphiphiles and the surface activitycorrosion inhibitionchemical structure relationships were also discussed.1. 概括黑色金属，有色金属及其合金被广泛应用于工业中。要除去金属在生产过程中形成的未知污垢和盐垢或铣垢，金属要浸泡在酸液中，也就是我们常说的酸洗浴。除去垢之后，金属可能会受到酸的腐蚀。为了降低金属受腐蚀的程度和酸液的消耗速率，我们需要在酸洗液中添加缓蚀剂。盐酸和硫酸是酸洗浴中最常用的酸1,2.很多商业缓蚀剂组成中都含有醛和胺 3,4。选择缓蚀剂要考虑的两
14、个因素是：一，它们能够很方便的由相关原料合成；二，它们含有带电子的苯环或者是有电负性原子，如含有芳香环的席夫碱5,6。据报道，席夫碱类缓蚀剂对铁、铜铝都有效缓蚀效果79 。这些物质通常能有效地吸附在金属表面。吸附取决于金属的性质和缓蚀剂的化学结构10。自组装单层膜是缓蚀的一种便捷方法，膜的化学组成和自组装单分子膜的厚度可通过设计吸附剂的合成实现。一些研究机构已经开发了应用于实际的自组装膜缓蚀剂1114 。实验结果发现，结果发现，含有杂原子化合物的致密自组装单层能有效阻止某些电化学过程，从而能够作为有效的缓蚀剂。在本项目的研究中，不同的自组装缓蚀剂由含有不同分子量聚乙二醇链端基合成的席夫碱制备。
15、表征这些化合物对铝合金缓蚀效率分别采用失重法和析氢的技术。本文探讨了这些席夫碱的表面活性，以及表面活性、腐蚀抑制、化学结构之间的联系。2. Experimental procedures2.1. Synthesis of Schiff bases0.5 mol of anisaldehyde was condensed with 0.5 mol of p-aminobenzoic acid in the presence of 250 mL of ethyl alcohol as a solvent. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 6 h and
16、then left overnight until the product was precipitated. The product was washed by petroleum ether and recrystallized from ethanol. The final product was dried under vacuum at 40 C 15. The produced Schiff base was denoted as SB and the chemical structure was represented in Scheme 1.Scheme 1. Chemical structure of the synthesized Schiff base.Scheme 2. Chemical structure of the synthesized nonionic Schiff base.2.实验步骤2.1.合成席夫碱0.5mol 的茴香醛和 0.5mol 的对氨基苯甲酸以 250m
