带to的不定式作宾补

上传人:第*** 文档编号:31139983 上传时间:2018-02-05 格式:DOC 页数:8 大小:74.50KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
带to的不定式作宾补_第1页
第1页 / 共8页
带to的不定式作宾补_第2页
第2页 / 共8页
带to的不定式作宾补_第3页
第3页 / 共8页
带to的不定式作宾补_第4页
第4页 / 共8页
带to的不定式作宾补_第5页
第5页 / 共8页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

《带to的不定式作宾补》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《带to的不定式作宾补(8页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。

1、带 to 的不定式作宾补a可以用带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词常用的有 ask,tell,order,invite,beg, get,allow ,wish,want,encourage,advise, warn 等。例如:The teacher asked us to finish our homework老师叫我们完成家庭作业。She wanted him to sing for her friends她想让他为她的朋友唱歌。The policeman told the boys not to play in the street警察告诉孩子们别在街上玩耍。b在动词 think,belie

2、ve,know,find, understand,take 等之后,作宾补的不定式多由“to be adj”构成。例如:They find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful他们发现中国人都很幸福快乐。He believed the earth to be a globe他相信大地是个球体。c在某些短语后也可跟带 to 的不定式作宾补。这类动词短语常见的有: wait for,call on,depend on,care for,long for 等。例如:The crocodile waited for the monkey to come

3、 down again鳄鱼等着猴子再下来。The chairman called on Mr Brown to speak主席请布朗先生讲话。I shouldnt care for that man to be my doctor我不要那人给我看病。不定式是非谓语动词的其中一种,原型是 to do ,根据各种时态变化形式三、不定式作宾补应注意的事项 能跟不定式作宾补的动词很多,如:see, have, advise, expect, get,invite, consider, find, prefer, feel, ask, for, call on, wait for等等。大部分的动词或成语

4、动词之后跟带 to 的不定式作宾补,但也有一些动词之后要求跟不带 to 的不定式作宾补。下面谈一些要求跟不带 to的不定式作宾补的动词。 1.这类动词有表示视觉、听觉和感觉的动词,如,see, watch, notice, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel 等。 (1) Did you see him steal the money? (2) I havent noticed anyone go out. (3) Id like to look at (=watch) other people play basketball. (4) I ofte

5、n hear her sing this song. (5) She listened to someone call for help. (6) Mary felt something crawl up her neck. 2.一些表示役使意义的动词,如 have, make, let 等。 (1) I would have Li Ming do the work. (2) Her wonderful performance made all of us laugh. (3) Ill let someone find me a house to live in. 3.有时动词 help 的宾

6、补既可以是带 to 的不定式亦可省略 to,如, I enjoy helping my mother ( to) do housework. 4.上面所说的这些不带 to 的不定式做宾补,如改为被动语态就要用带 to 的不定式作主语补足语(略)。 5.一些表示心理状态语的动词,如: consider, think, believe, discover, judge, sup pose 等,其后的宾语补足语有“认为”、“判定” 的意思,认为宾语是什么,有什么性质、特征或处于某种状态,这时宾补要用“to be ” 这种形式,“to be”亦可省略。如: (1) He considered him

7、(to be) innocent. (2) We all thought John (to be) quite a foolish man. (3) The judge judged her (to be) guilty. 6.regard, treat, recognize, look upon, think of, consider 等这些词有时跟 as 词组或介词词组作宾补,如: (1) All the teachers regarded this as of great importance. (2) I always look upon you as my best friend.

8、(3) Dont take my good intentions for evil ones. 有时有多种形式,以 consider 为例: I consider him to be an honest man. I consider him as an honest man. I consider him an honest man. 四、宾语补足语和先行宾语 1.在复合宾语中,如果宾语不是名词或带词,而是其它的形式,如不定式(a),-ing 分词结构(b)或 that 分句,这时就要用先行宾语 it 来表示,而后将这些宾语移置宾补之后,如: (1) it 代替不定式或不定式的复合结构 We

9、 think it our duty to serve people heart and soul. Do you believe it possible for us to land on the Mars one day? I dont consider it polite of you to play tricks on others. 例句附解析,讲解得已经很详细了,如还不太清楚以上句子中的宾补在哪,就追问吧。1. 介词短语作地点状语We live in Hangzhou.我们住在杭州。 2. 介词短语作时间状语She got here at four.她在 4 点到这儿的。 3. 介

10、词短语作方式状语They came here by train.他们乘火车来这儿。 4. 介词短语作原因状语The game was postponed because of rain.因为下雨运动会被推迟了。 5. 介词短语作条件状语There will be no living things without water.没有水就没有生物。 6. 介词短语作目的状语He ran for shelter.他跑去避雨。 7. 介词短语作让步状语They play football in spite of the rain.他们冒雨踢足球。 8. 介词短语作程度状语To what extent w

11、ould you trust them?动词不定式由“to+ 动词原形 ”构成,如:to study, to play,动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用,但仍留着动词的特征,它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语,如:to study hard, to play table tennis。1. 动词不定式的形式变化:动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化。语态式 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式主 动 to build to have built to be building to have been building被 动 to be build to have been build

12、2. 动词不定式的基本用法:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用,如:(1)作主语: To help each other is good.动词不定式作主语时,一般可用 it 作形式主语,而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末,如:It is good to help each other.(2)作表语: My job is to drive them to the power station every day.动词不定式在系动词 be 之后作表语,与表示将来时的 be + 动词不定式结构有所区别,如:Our plan is to set up an

13、other middle school for the peasants children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的谓语动词为 is,动词不定式 to set up 为表语,主语为 plan,但 plan 并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语,即动词不定式 to set up 所表示的动作不是主语 plan产生的。)We are to set up another middle school for the peasants children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的 are to set up 整个结构为句中谓语,主语为 we,同时也是动词不定式 to set

14、up 所表示的动作的逻辑主语,即动词不定式 to set up 所表示的动作是由 we 产生的)。(3)作宾语: 作及物动词的宾语 :如: She wishes to be a musician.; 作某些形容词的宾语 :可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有 glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure 等,如:I am determined to give up smoking.; 动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,如:Can you g

15、ive us some advice on what to do next?(4)作宾语补足语: Tell the children not to play on the street.如果句中的谓语动词为 see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let 等,作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将 to 省去,如:I saw a little girl run across the street.(5)动词不定式在句中作宾语,如带有宾语补足语时,须先用 it 作形式宾语,而将该动词不定式后置,如:I dont think it right to do it that

16、way.(6)作定语 :动词不定式作定语时,须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后,如:Is this the best way to help him?和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词,如:He is the man to depend on.如果被不定式修饰的名词为 place, time, way,不定式后面的介词,习惯上可以省去,如:The old man is looking for a quiet place to live.(笔者注:这里本人会把做定语和宾补搞混。有一个想法:如果不定式是出现在: “动宾宾补 ”结构后面的话,不定式应该是做宾补了;而如果不定式是出现在 “系表宾 ”结构后,那不定式应该是做定语了 )(7

展开阅读全文
相关资源
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 办公文档 > 其它办公文档

电脑版 |金锄头文库版权所有
经营许可证:蜀ICP备13022795号 | 川公网安备 51140202000112号