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1、- 1 -高考非谓语动词单项选择题考点解读笔者以考试考点进行编排，便于考生从中了解掌握五年高考对非谓语动词考查的重点，做好对这块知识点的复习迎考工作。动词不定式考点一：不定式的时态和语态大多数情况下不定式以一般式形式出现,但在高考试题中往往会出现时态、语态的形式,如进行式、完成式、被动式等。1.- Is Bob still performing? - Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official（2005江苏卷）A. to have left B. to leave C. to have be
2、en left D. to be left解析：be said to have done 的意思为 “据说已经做了某事”。动词不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。类似知识点在 2006 年山东卷和 2007 辽宁卷中再次考到：Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to_ since the flood hit the area last Friday.(2006 年山东卷)A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost 解析：显然“失踪” 是在“
3、报道 ”之前发生的，要用完成式。missing 强调状态，get lost 短暂性动作不可跟表示一段时间的状语 since the flood hit the area last Friday 连用。The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. （2007 辽宁卷）A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break2.The news report
4、ers hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left.（2004 福建卷）A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told解析：动词不定式与 only 连用表示未曾预料的结果，to be told 的意思为“被告之”，用不定式的被动语态.。相同知识点在 2005 广东卷和 2006 年的全国 II 卷中又考到：He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left.（2005 广东卷）A. to have found B. findin
5、g C. found D. to find- 2 -He hurried to the booking office only_that all the tickets had been sold out. (2006年的全国 II 卷 )A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told 3.As the twentieth century came to a close ,the raw matenals for a great nstional literature were at hand,waiting_.(2006 湖南卷)A.to use B.to b
6、e used C.to have used D.to be using 解析：主语为 the raw materials（原材料） ，与动词 use 存在被动关系，故选 B。类似的知识点是考试的重之重。请看下列各题：It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness_.(2006 江西卷)Ato make Bto be made Cmaking Dbeing made 解析：It takes some time for sth/sb to do sth.It 为形式主语代替后面的不定式。词组 m
7、ake a connection between A and B：由 A 联想到 B。本句中 the connection 是不定式的逻辑主语，且存在逻辑上的被动关系。故选 B。The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games_in Beijing in 2008. (2006 四川卷)A.hold B.holding C.held D.to be held 解析：非谓语动词作后置定语的三种情况：the meeting to be held 即将召开的会议，the meeting held 已经召开的会议，the meeting being hel
8、d 正在召开的会议。很显然 the 29th Olympic Games 还没有召开，故选 D。It remains _ whether Jimll be fit enough to play in the finals. （2006 浙江卷）A.seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see 解析：这是一个主语从句，it 做形式主语 whether Jimll be fit enough to play in the finals作真正的主语。remain 后接 to do sth 作表语。see 与主语从句是被动关系，所以要用 to be seen 作 rem
9、ains 的表语。When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a space flight.（2007 江西卷）A.training B.being trained C.to have trained D.to be trained解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式表目的，并且主语是- 3 -动作的承受者。The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _.（2007 浙江卷）A. to be heard
10、B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 解析：struggle 后通常接不定式构成 struggle to do ,还要考虑被动式的问题。相当于：I had to try my best to make myself heard.考点二：不定式的功能不定式是非谓语动词常见的一种形式，它具有名词的特征，在句子中可以作主语或宾语；具有形容词的特征，在句子中可以作表语、定语或补足语；具有副词的特征，在句子中可以作状语。（一）不定式的形容词性功能1. The last one _ pays the meal. Agreed! （2007 全国卷 I）A.
11、arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving 解析：本题考查动词不定式做定语的用法。在 the first /the last 后接不定式做定语表示“第一个/最后一个的人或者事。2.The teacher asked us _so much noise. （2003 北京卷）A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make解析：本题考查不定式的两个知识点。在动词 ask 后面用不定式作宾语补足语，其否定形式是 not to do。常见的这类动词还有 tell ,warn, order ，advi
12、se 等。3.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _clear warnings before firing any shots. (03 年上海)A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued解析：本句中不定式作主语补足语。order 后应接不定式，即 order sb to do sth ,因此 B 被排除。又因为 issue clear warnings 的主语是 all the soldiers,，也就是说 all
13、the soldiers是 issue 的施动者，所以 issue 要用主动形式，D 也被排除。而且句子也没有强调动作对现在造成的影响，不必用完成时态。（二）不定式的副词性功能1.It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports stars.（2005 上海卷）A. had B. having C. to have D. have解析：动词不定式充当目的状语。- 4 -2.Can the project be finished as plann
14、ed?Sure, it completed in time, well work two more hours a day.(2005 福建卷)Ahaving got B to get Cgetting Dget解析：动 词 不 定 式 在 这 里 既 能 表 示 动 作 是 在 将 来 完 成 ， 又 能 表 示 目 的 。3._ more about university courses, call (920)746-3789.（2005 浙江卷）ATo find out B Finding out CFind out DHaving found out解析：不 定 式 to find out表 目 的 ， 后 跟 祈 使 句 。 如 “To relax yourself， come to our party ” 4. this cake, youll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. (2006 广东卷)A. Having made B. Make C. To mak
