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1、Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained,Grammar and usagePresent perfect tense,Police in America have stepped up their search for a fifteen-year-old boy who went missing This incident has received great interest due to reports of I havent seen Justin since.,Go over the news story, Boy missing, police puzzle
2、d, and find the sentences using the present perfect tense.,4. Its happened to me!5. When asked , who has taken charge of the case, told 6. So, while we have not dismissed the idea, we are looking into other possibilities as well.,现在完成时,现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到
3、现在的动作或状态。其构成： have (has) +过去分词 John has broken his left leg.,We have studied English for about five years. They have lived in the south since their daughter was born. I have read your article three times. Its well written. The student has finished her homework already. Eric has gone back to his home
4、 town today.,More examples,现在完成时的用法：1）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just，already, before, yet, never, ever等状语连用。例如： I have never heard of that before. Have you ever ridden a horse? She has already finished the work. Ive just lost my science book.,2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过
5、去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。 如：for和since，以及 so far, now, today, this week (month, year) 等。 I havent seen her these days. She has learnt English for 3 years. They have lived here since 1990. What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years?,注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间
6、的短语连用。 3）现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时完成的动作。例如： Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework. If it has stopped snowing in the morning, well go to the park.,4）have been (to)和have gone (to)的区别： have / has been (to) 表示“曾经去过”某地，说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人在那里，或
7、可能在路上，反正不在这里。 He has been to Beijing. (人已回来,可能在这儿)He has gone to Beijing. (人已走, 不在这儿),用于现在完成时的句型,It is the first / second time that 在这个结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。如：It is the first time that I have visited the city.This is the first time Ive heard him sing.,This is + 形容词最高级 + that在这种结构中，that从句要用现在完成时。如：This is
8、the best film that Ive ever seen.,一般过去时与现在完成时的区别,一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作，与具体的过去时间状语连用。现在完成时强调对现在的影响，不与具体过去时间状语连用，但可与ever, never, before, just, already 连用。 I finished my homework an hour ago. I have already finished my homework.,I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生在过去某个时间）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，
9、即电影的内容已经知道了）,Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已经发生过）Who hasnt handed in his paper? （有人卷子未交，强调结果）,1. Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. (2010 山东) A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved2. When you are home, give a call to let me know you _ safel
10、y. (2010 全国I) A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive,D,B,高考真题,英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性的,一种是终止性的。终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词/瞬间动词),如begin, start, die, buy, leave,come等, 表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成, 不能再延续, 所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语, for+时间段,since+时间点/从句连用, 也不能用在howlong引导的特殊疑问句中。,IveleftShangh
11、aiforthreedays.IvebeenawayfromShanghaiforthreedays.IleftShanghaithreedaysago.Itis/hasbeenthreedayssinceIleftShanghai.,Decide the sentences are true or false.,常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下: come / go / arrive /get / reach / move-be die-bedead close-beclosed become-be borrow-keep begin / start-beon puto
12、n-wear leave-beaway(from) buy-have fallasleep-beasleep end / finish-beover catchacold-haveacold jointhearmy-beinthearmy,Translate these sentences into English.,汤姆回来了。汤姆回来一个多星期了。,Tom has come back.,Tom has been back for over a week.,2. 你今天下午什么时候离开学校的？ 你离开学校多久了？,When did you leave school this afternoo
13、n?,How long have you been away from school?,3. 他在1998年买了这辆自行车。 他自从来到我们学校就买了这辆自行车。,He bought the bike in 1998.,He has had the bike since he came to our school.,4. 上个月我借了这本书。 这本书我借了一个月了。,I borrowed the book last month.,I have kept the book for a month.,5. 电影是半小时之前开始的。 电影已放映半小时了。,The film began half an
14、 hour ago.,The film has been on for half an hour.,Grammar and usagePresent perfect continuous tense,现在完成进行时,现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始, 一直延续到现在, 可能还要继续下去。 现在完成进行时是由“have / has + been + 动词的现在分词”构成,现在完成时的基本用法: 1)在强调指出动作还未结束, 还要继续下去。如: Ive been reading this book for two hours, but I havent finished it. 2)强调动
15、作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。 She has always been working like that. 她一贯是这样工作的。,3)动作不包含持续意义的动作,要表示延续到现在的动作,要用现在完成进行时。 Theyve been building a ship. (在进行)他们一直在造一艘船。 4)现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。 Weve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.,Ive been waiting for an hour and he still hasnt turned up. 我等了一个小时了，可他还没来。Im so sorry. Im late. Have you been waiting long? 真对不起，我迟到了。你等了很久了吗？,
