《2013届中考英语考前语法专练《专题十一 主谓一致 》(考点精讲+典例解析 ,14ppt)(牛津译林版)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2013届中考英语考前语法专练《专题十一 主谓一致 》(考点精讲+典例解析 ,14ppt)(牛津译林版)（14页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、专题十一主谓一致,英语中，主语与谓语的一致存在着三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。考点1 语法一致原则语法一致原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致。1单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词(短语)、从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Smoking is bad for our health.吸烟有害健康。2不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Someone is knocking at the door. 有人在敲门。,3介词或介词短语作插入语主语后接with, along with, together with, as well as, including, besid
2、es, like, except, but等短语作插入语时，谓语动词的数由主语的单、复数形式决定。如：Mike with his two dogs is walking in the park. 迈克和他的两条狗正在公园里散步。4常以复数形式出现的名词作主语一些只有复数形式的名词(如 trousers, shoes, clothes, gloves, glasses等)作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。但是，如果这些名词被a pair of 修饰时，谓语动词需用单数。如：A pair of glasses is on the table.有副眼镜在桌子上。,5“a number of名词复数”作主
3、语，谓语动词用复数；“the number of名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：A number of workers have recently left the company. 最近有很多工人辞掉了工作。6“the形容词”表示一类人，作主语谓语动词用复数。如：The old are more likely to catch cold than the young. 老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。7many a (more than one)单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：More than one student is fond of playing computer games.
4、 不止一个学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。Many a child is flying kites. 许多孩子在放风筝。,8a lot of, lots of, plenty of名词，分数或百分数名词等作主语，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致。如：Three fifths of the forest was destroyed. 五分之三的森林被毁坏了。9在定语从句中，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。如：This is the boy who wants to see you.这就是想要见你的男孩。10在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语的数保持一致。如
5、：Here are some flowers and some money for you. 这儿有一些为你准备的花和钱。,考点2 意义一致原则意义一致即谓语的单、复数要看主语所表达的概念。1形式上虽为单数，但意义为复数的名词，如the police, people(人们), cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：Watch out! The police are coming.当心！警察来了。2the Chinese, the British等表示一个国家或民族的人的总称的词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：The English do not drink much wine.英国人不怎么
6、喝酒。,3形式上为复数，而意义上却是单数的名词，如news, physics, politics, economics及以s结尾的书名、国名等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：This news is important for us.这条消息对我们很重要。4由and连接的两个名词作主语，指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。如：The doctor and writer is very famous.这位医生兼作家非常地出名。5书名、报纸名、国家等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：The United States is a developed country.美国是一个发达国家。,6one and
7、 a half后接名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：One and a half hours is enough for us to finish the work. 一个半小时对于我们完成工作来说足够了。7表度量、价格、时间、长度的复数名词(短语)作主语时，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如：Three years has passed since I came here. 自从我来这儿，三年已经过去了。8集体名词(如 family, team, group, class等)看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；强调其中每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。如：My family is a big o
8、ne with eight people. 我们家是一个有着八口人的大家庭。,考点3 就近原则就近原则即谓语动词的数决定于主语中最靠近它的名词的单、复数。1连词notbut， eitheror， neithernor， not onlybut also等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数与靠近它的主语一致。如：Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。,2there be句型当there be后有两个或几个并列的主语时，be动词的数和与其靠得最近的那个主语一致。 如：There is a table and six chairs in the dining hall.
9、 餐厅里有一张桌子和六把椅子。There are six chairs and a table in the dining hall. 餐厅里有六把椅子和一张桌子。,()1.2011深圳 He, together with his parents _going to visit Shanghai in July. How about you?Im afraid I have to stay at home _.Aare; on my own Bis; by myself Cis; by my own Dare; on myself【解析】句中的together with为插入语，主语仍为he;
10、 by oneselfon ones own, 意为“单独”。,中考透视 ,B,()2.2011河源 The number of teachers in our school _ greatly increased last term. A number of teachers in this school _from the countryside.Awas; is Bwas; areCwere; are Dwere; is【解析】“a number of名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the number of名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数。,B,()3.2012广东 Both Li
11、 Lei and Han Meimei _fond of the TV program A Bite of China.I am also deeply moved by its stories!AisBamCwasDare【解析】 bothand 意为“和都”，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,D,()4.2012衢州 There _many students on the playground at the moment.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere()5.2012 烟台 Between the two hills _ a deep river.Aare Bhave Chas Dis,B,D,
