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1、钻井泵基础知识Basic knowledge of drilling pump,本课主要内容content,一、钻井泵的结构和特点 Structure and feature of drilling pump二、钻井泵工作原理 working principle of drilling pump 三、钻井泵的使用 operation of drilling pump 四、钻井泵的日常维护和检查 routine maintenance and check-up of drilling pump 五、钻井泵常见故障判断及排除方法Frequent failure and solution of dr
2、illing pump 六、钻井泵易损件及其更换方法 consumable and replacing,一、钻井泵的结构和特点Structure and Feature of Drilling Pump,钻井泵基本组成Structure of Drilling Pump,钻井泵的结构图structure of Drilling pump,小齿轮轴总成Pinion shaft assembly,曲轴总成crankshaft assemble,十字头总成crossing head assemble,液力端总成hydraulic end assemble,排出管路总成discharge pipeli
3、ne assembly,排出空气包总成discharge air dampener assembly,HHF系列钻井泵主要特点 feature of HHF series Drilling pump,动力端power end 机架采用钢板焊接件，强度高，刚性好，重量轻。The frame adopts the steel plate weldment with high strength, good rigidity and lighter weight. 整体人字齿轮传动，运转平稳.One-piece herringbone gear drive with smooth running 合金
4、钢曲轴。可更换的十字头导板。Alloy steel crankshaft and changeable crosshead guide 采用滚子轴承，提高了运转时的平稳性和承载能力。Adopt roller bearing and improve the running stability and load capacity 中间拉杆盘根采用先进密封结构，密封效果好。The extension rod adopts advanced packing structure with good seal performance. 动力端齿轮、轴承、十字头等部位采用强制润滑和飞溅润滑相结合的润滑方式。
5、Gear, bearing, crosshead and some other parts at power end adopts forced lubrication and splash lubrication mode. 应用施必牢防松螺母，拆装方便。Adopts Spiralock self-locking nuts and easy to assembly and disassembly,液力端hydraulic end 液缸采用直通式布置，可使液流平稳、结构紧凑、容积效率高。The cylinder adopts the go-through laying (over & unde
6、r valves-front loading) to make the flow smooth, structure compact and with high volumetric efficiency. 三个液缸具有互换性。The three cylinders are interchangeable. 缸盖和阀盖能快速旋紧，装拆方便。The cylinder cover and valve cover can be screwed down quickly and convenient to disassembly and assembly 吸入阀和排出阀能通用互换。Suction va
7、lve and discharge valve can interconvert. 采用敞开式的活塞与缸套内腔结构，便于观察。 Adopt the opened piston and cylinder liner structure and convenient to observe.,二、钻井泵的工作原理Working principle of drilling pump,动力机,万向轴、皮带等,小齿轮轴,曲轴,十字头总成,连 杆,液力端总成,机械能,液体能,转动,往复运动,钻井泵的工作过程working procedure of drilling pump,钻井泵的基本性能参数 the b
8、asic performance parameter of drilling pump,泵的理论排量：泵在单位时间内排出的介质体积称为泵的理论平均排量，简称为泵的理论排量，以Q表示。Theoretic displacement: the mediums cubage discharged from the pump in unit time is called the theoretic average displacement of pump, shortened for theoretic displacement of pump, denoted with Q.泵的工作压力：通常是指泵排
9、出口处单位面积上所受到的液体作用力，简称为泵压，以p表示。Working pressure of pump: generally it is the liquid acting force on unit area of discharge port, shortened for pump pressure, denoted with p.泵的额定功率和效率：单位时间内动力机传递给泵主动轴的能量，称为泵的输入功率；泵工作于额定冲次时的输入功率称为泵的额定功率，以N表示；单位时间内液体经泵作用后增加的能量称有效功率，也称水功率，以Nr表示；泵的效率是有效功率与输入功率的比值。Rated powe
10、r and efficiency of pump: the energy that the prime power engine (machine) transmits to the pumps driving shaft in unit time is called input power of pump; the input power while the pump runs at the rated strokes is called the rated power of pump (denoted with N); the increased energy of the liquid
11、after the pump acting in unit time is called the effective power, also named hydraulic power (denoted with Nr). The efficiency is the ratio of effective power and input power.冲次：也称泵冲，指单位时间内活塞的往复次数，以n表示。Strokes: also named pump strokes. It is the pistons reciprocating times in unit time, denoted with
12、 n. (really it is a speed parameter of mud pump)冲程长度：指活塞往复运动的距离，以S表示。Length of stroke: it is the reciprocating distance of the piston, denoted with S.,三、钻井泵的使用operation of Drilling pump,钻井泵作为钻井作业的重要装备，在工作时向井底输送循环高压钻井液，冲洗井底、破碎岩石、冷却润滑钻头，并将岩屑携带返回地面。 钻井泵使用我们从下面三方面讲：It is the one of the most important de
13、vice of drilling rig, it transmits high pressure drilling fluid to hole bottom to wash the hole, break rock, cool and lubricate bit and bring the cuttings to the ground. We explain the drilling pump courses into three parts:钻井泵的安装The installation of pump 钻井泵的启动the start of pump泵在运转中的监视Inspection dur
14、ing pump operation (running),钻井泵的安装,（一）钻井泵的安装Installation of drilling pump钻井泵应安装在水平或略向液力端倾斜的底座上（倾斜度3），以利于润滑油的流动。The drilling pump should be installed on a level or a little declined to fluid end skid (gradient3), this shall be good for the flow of lubrication.泵的安装位置应尽量降低，泥浆池的位置应尽量提高，以提高钻井泵的吸入效率。The
15、installation position of pump should try to be lower as possible, and the position of mud pits should try to be higher as possible, so that it can improve the suction efficiency of the drilling pump. 吸入管线布置时应使灌注泵旁通联接，以便于当灌注泵有故障或进行维修时，钻井泵可以继续工作。When lay the suction lines, the charge pump should be co
16、nnected by-pass so that the drilling pump can go on working when there is something wrong with the charge pump or maintain the charge pump.,泵的吸入管入口端应高于泥浆池底约300mm，而且吸入管内径必须一致，吸入管的入口端不能正对泥浆池的入口（对泥浆罐也是如此）。The inlet port of the suction line should be 300mm higher than the bottom of the mud pit and the i
17、nternal diameter of suction line should be identical, Furthermore, the inlet port of suction line should not face the inlet of mud pit (so does the mud tank). 剪销安全阀必须安装成可直接与泥浆接触，并且将安全阀排出端用无缝钢管直接引到泥浆罐，这条管线应尽可能少一些转折。若转弯应使弯头大于120，不允许把安全阀的排出管线接到泵的吸入管上，在排出管路与安全阀之间不许安装任何型式的闸门。When install the Shear safety
18、 valve, it should contact with mud directly, and the outlet end of safety valve should be connected to the mud tank with seamless steel pipe, whish should try to have fewer swerves (elbow). If there is a swerve, the bend angle should not be less than 120. The discharge line of safety valve should not be allowed to connect to the suction pipe of mud pump. And also, between the discharge pipe and safety valve should not install any valve.,
