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1、百色市右江河谷森林景观格局分析与评价摘要河谷是集大自然精华与众多人文景观于一体的带状地域，在山丘区域经济社会与生态环境的可持续发展战略中具有举足轻重的地位。对于百色市右江河谷地区而言，森林植被既维护着区域的生态安全，同时也是重要的景观资源和旅游资源。本研究根据林学、景观生态学的原理和方法，在分析2009年森林资源二类调查数据与资料的基础上，结合实地调查对百色市右江河谷地区森林景观的特征与格局进行分析与评价，结果如下：(1)对研究区域森林景观格局现状的调查与分析结果表明，研究区域一级景观总面积为1 1766789hm2，有12313个类型斑块，平均面积956hm2；二级分类的森林景观总面积399
2、7377hm2，占总面积的3397，有8051个类型斑块，平均面积为497hm2。非林地斑块面积为7241929hm2，占总面积的6155。说明整体而言，研究区内非林地景观面积占优势并构成景观基质，而森林景观面积不占优势。(2)对研究区景观斑块粒级结构的调查与分析表明，景观总体和森林斑块类型分级中小斑块的面积为8262829hm2，占总面积的7022，大斑块和超大斑块、巨型斑块合计面积为3503960hm2，仅占总面积的2978，中小斑块占绝对优势，研究区景观主要呈细粒结构。(3)对分维数的统计与分析表明，研究区域大部分森林景观斑块的分维数值接近15，说明多数斑块的稳定性低。(4)斑块密度指数
3、方面，右江区段、田阳县段、田东县段均以国家特别规定灌木林斑块密度最大，分别为41264、24429及24389，平果县段以纯林的斑块密度最大，达27313；说明前3县(区)国家特别规定灌木林和平果县段纯林的破碎化程度最大。(5)研究区内各县(区)景观总体聚合度指数都较高，其中平果县段最高，达918882：其次是田东县段，为914805；再次是田阳县段，是902657；最低的是右江区段，为876543。但各县(区)景观总体聚合度指数比较接近，说明研究区域的异质性水平整体较低。(6)景观丰富度与景观多样性分析结果表明，田东县段景观最丰富，达19；其次是田阳县段，为18；再次是右江区段，为17；最低
4、是平果县段，仅为12；右江区段香农多样性指数和均匀度指数最高，分别达14485和07099，说明其土地利用率较其他县的高，景观破碎化程度最高，但分布不均匀。(7)对研究区域蔓延度指数计算结果表明，研究区蔓延度指数从大到小依次为田东县段田阳县段平果县段右江区段，田东县段蔓延度指数最大，达747873，说明其景观类型最丰富，且存在一定的优势斑块并形成良好的连接性。(8)景观破碎度方面，平果县段纯林地的NP值为556块，斑块总面积仅为16902 hm2，其景观破碎度最大。右江区段的火烧迹地、田阳县段的宜林地、平果县段的被占用地以及田东县段的辅助用地、火烧迹地论文最后以森林景观格局的分析与评价结果为依
5、据，结合现场调查结果，剖析百色市右江河谷地区森林景观的主要问题，提出相应的建议。关键字：右江河谷；森林；景观格局；分析评价；百色市m静囊；study area dominated by non-forest area of the landscape and form thelandscape matrix,and the forest landscape area is not dominantIV(2)The study flrea landscape patch size structure of the survey and analysisshows that the overall
6、 landscape and forest type classification of smallpatches of plaque area 8262829hm2，the total area of 7022，large plaquea11d l唱e pl哪，giant grouper block total area of 3503960hm2，only the totalarea of 2978，dominated by small patches，mainly of finegrained structureof the landscape(3)The fractal dimensi
7、on of statistics and analysis showed that the studyarea,most of the如触laIldSca卿aldLJb碰mdimension value close to15，indicating that the majority ofplaque stability is low(4)Patch density index,Youjiang section Tianyang segment,Tiandongsection are special provisions state the maximum density of shrub pa
8、tches，were 41 264，24429 and 243 89，Pingguo segment to pure forest patchdensity，amounting to 273 1 3；shows the top three counties(districts)countries，particularly the provisions of the peace if the county section ofshrub pure forest_fi：agmentation姆eatest(5)In the study area counties(districts)landsca
9、pe in general have a highdegree of polymerization index,which Pingguo County section of the highest,reaching 9 18882；followed Tiandong section,as 9 14805；again is Tianyangsegment,is 902657；Right River section of the lowest 876543However,county(district)landscape closer to the overall aggregate index
10、,indicating theheterogeneity of the study area the overall level is low(6)Landscape richness and landscape diversity analysis showed that the mostVabundant landscape Tiandong segment,landscape richness of 1 9；Followed bYyang section 1 8；again is Youjiang section 1 7；lowest Pingguo segment,only 1 2；Y
11、oujiang section of Shannon diversity index and evenness indexwere the highest of 14485 and 07099，indicating the utilization of their landhigher than other counties，the highest level of landscape fragmentation,butthe distribution is uneven(7)Spread index of the study area,the results show that the sp
12、read of thestudy一窭c融：index indescending orderof Tiandong SectionTianyangSectionPingguo SectionYoujiang section Tiandong largest segment spreadindex,up 747873，indicating that the most abundant type of landscape，andthere are some advantages to form plaque and good connectivity(8)Landsc印e fragmentation
13、,the Pingguo section is pure forest NP 556，total plaque area was only 1 6902 hm2，the largest of its landscapefragmentationYoujiang section burned,yang section of land suitable forafforestation,Pingg阻section is oec却iedland and Tmndong seglnedltsupporting land burned,auxiliary production sites of the
14、minimum value ofNP,by artificial interference，regular shape，a low degree of fragmentationPaper forest landscape pattern analysis and evaluation based on theresults，combined with field investigations，analysis of Baise Youjiang Valleyforest landsc印e key issues，and fmany make recommendations accordinglyKEY WORDS：Youjiang River valley；Forest；landscape pattern；analysisand evaluation；Baise City目录摘墨荽IABSTR ACT11相关研究进展2l-11景观生态学的研究进展2112森林景观的研究进展4113河谷景观的研究进展一612本论文研究目的与意义713论文研究范围及内容7131研究范围7132研究内容8第二章研究区域概况一9 21自然环境概况。922社会经济条件概况l 1|_23旅游资源1224生态问题
