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1、语法专题(六)主谓一致,一、主语是复数形式，谓语用单数形式1表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数名词，通常看作整体，谓语用单数。,这样考过A survey of the opinions of experts _that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _good for ones health.Ashow; are Bshows; isCshow; is Dshows; are解析：主句主语是 a survey，谓语动词应用单数形式；从句主语是 three hours of outdoor exercise a week 表示一个整体概念，因此
2、谓语动词也应用单数形式。答案：B,2以s结尾的国名、地名、书报名、团体、学科等名词作主语，形式上是复数，谓语用单数。,可能这样考Mathematics_the language of science.Aare Bare going to beCIs Dis to be解析：此处mathematics为学科名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。答案：C,3表示两个相同部分连成一体的复数名词，如trousers，scissors，shoes，gloves，shorts，glasses等作主语时，前面若无a kind of/a pair of/a series of等单位词修饰时，谓语用复数，若带有单
3、位词，谓语由单位词的单复数决定。,可能这样考The trousers_you well.But the colour_me.Afit; suit Bfit; doesnt suitCfits; doesnt suit Dfit; dont suit解析：trousers作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；而colour则为单数，故选B。答案：B,二、主语是单数形式，谓语用复数形式1police，people，cattle，faculty，flock，machinery等作主语，谓语用复数。,可能这样考Cattle_well in the country market at present，accord
4、ing to the evening news.Asell BsellsCis being sold Dwill be sold解析：有些集合名词作主语时，应以复数看待。这类名词有people，cattle，police等。答案：A,2有些以sh，ese，ch结尾的表示国家、民族的形容词与the连用时，表示复数含义，谓语用复数。表示单数含义，谓语用单数。,可能这样考Look！The German_coming this way.He is studying here.Aare BisChas Dhave解析：根据语境“这个德国人朝这边走来”选B。误选A是受习惯思维“theadj.指一类人，谓语
5、动词用复数”的影响。答案：B,3“the形容词/分词”如指一类人，其谓语用复数；如表示抽象概念或个人时，其谓语用单数。,可能这样考When the injured_to the hospital，they came to_.Awas rushed; life Bwere rushed; lifeCrushed; lives Dwere rushed; lives解析：“the形容词”指代一类人，谓语动词用复数。come to life“苏醒”，为固定搭配。答案：B,三、主语是单数形式，谓语视情况而定1主语是family，team，group，crowd，class，committee，popu
6、lation，crew，enemy，government等集合名词，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果指一个个成员或个体时，谓语就该用复数。,这样考过Recently，there _ a boom in population mobility，and according to the survey in 2008,17 percent of the population _ every year.Ais; moves Bhas been; movesCis; move Dhas been; move解析：population表示“部分人口”，强调具体成员时，谓语动词用复数。答案：D,T
7、he crew _ made up of accomplished sailors and thus _ highly paid to do the work on the ship.Awere; were Bwas; wereCwere; was Dwas; was答案：B,2主语是“a series of，a kind of等名词”结构时，谓语动词用单数。“kinds of等名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。注意：在“this kind of名词”之后，无论这里的名词是单数还是复数，谓语都用单数。,这样考过So far a series of problems _ brought about
8、 by this decision.Ahave BhasChas been Dhave been答案：C,还可能这样考Many kinds of furniture_being transported from Beijing to Tianjin.Ais BareCHaving Dwas解析：many kinds of furniture的中心词为of结构前面的kinds，且此句宜用现在进行时的被动语态，故选B。答案：B,Machines of the new type_made in Shanghai.Ais BareChas been Dhave been解析：本题应以of结构前面的词为
9、主语，machines为复数形式，而且本句用一般现在时为最佳时态，故选B。答案：B,3不定代词all，some，any以及the rest等作主语，谓语的单复数应根据上下文或具体场合确定。,可能这样考“All_present and all_going on well”，our monitor said. Ais; is Bare; are Care; is Dis; are解析：题意为：“所有人出席，一切顺利”，我们班长说。all表示人，其谓语用复数；all表示事物，谓语用单数。答案：C,Half of us were out to look for him，and the rest_sta
10、ying at home waiting for his call. Awas Bis Cwere Dare解析：the rest 做主语若指代的是可数名词，谓语动词用复数，若指代的是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。答案：C,4what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语的单复数取决于表语的单复数。,这样考过What the remote areas need _ education to children and what the children need _ good textbooks at the moment.Ais; are Bare; isCwas; were Dwere; was解析：以
11、what引导的主语从句谓语动词通常用单数，如果其后的表语是复数也可以用复数；如果what从句是带有复数意义的并列结构，主句的谓语动词用复数。答案：A,5定语从句的谓语的单复数应取决于先行词。注意：在“one of名词复数”后面定语从句谓语动词用复数，但如果“one of名词复数”之前有the only，the very，the last修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。,这样考过Jack，as well as his friends who _ football games，_ traveled with the team.Alikes; has Blikes; haveClike; has
12、Dlike; have答案：C,Many standardized tests in our life turned out to be simple，_beyond expectations.Awhich was Bthey areCwhich were Dit is解析：考查定语从句和主谓一致。这里用 which 引导非限制性定语从句，连词指代主句内容，表示单数含义，因此选A。答案：A,四、并列主语，谓语动词的单复数视情况而定1and或bothand连接两主语时，谓语常用复数。注意：(1)如果and连接的两个名词指同一个人或表示同一概念时，谓语用单数。,这样考过A poet and art
13、ist_coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere,解析：句意：明天下午一个诗人也是艺术家要来给我们做一次关于中国文学和绘画方面的讲座。 由时间状语tomorrow afternoon一词可知C、D项时态不对，a poet and artist代表一个人，而a poet and an artist代表两个人，故不选B项。答案：A,(2)one and a half修饰名词复数作主语，谓语用单数，主语是“one or two复数名词”，其谓语用
14、复数形式。可能这样考One and a half bananas_left on the table. Ais Bare Chas Dhave解析：题意为：桌上剩下一个半香蕉。one and a half后虽然跟复数名词，但整个短语作主语时，谓语用单数形式。答案：A,(3)当and连接的并列单数主语前分别有each，every，more than one，many a，no修饰时，谓语用单数。,这样考过 Hi，what did our monitor say just now?Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who are to visit Water Cube _ asked to be at the school gate before 630 in the morning.Ais BwereCare Dwas,解析：当主语由as well as连接时谓语部分看as well as前面的部分，因此主语是every boy and every girl，而every.and every.结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而根据are to visit the Water Cube知时态用一般现在时，故选A。答案：A,
