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1、什么叫名词性从句？,在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,名词性从句 noun clause,主语从句subject clause,宾语从句object clause,表语从句predicative clause,同位语从句appositive clause,名词性从句学习有三关,第一关：语序关第二关：引导词关第三关：时态关,语序：陈述句语序,连接词、连接代词、连接副词,宾语从句中要注意关键词：1、
2、主从要一致（主现可灵活，主过从过）2、客观真理、自然现象，从句用一般现在时。,引导名词性从句的关联词,主语,表语,主语,宾语,宾语,宾语,宾语,同位语,同位语,一、主语从句(一)从句引导词： that，whether，who，whom，whose，what，which，when，where，why，how等。.That people cut down too many trees destroyed the balance of nature.Who will win the match is still unknown.Whether life will continue on the ea
3、rth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.,(二)位置.That he knows Japanese is known to all.What surprised me was to see him here.When he will come is unknown.Whether he is coming doesnt matter much.It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain.,一、主语从句,引导
4、词：由that引导的主语从句：That he spends too much time playing computer games worries me. 强调为避免头重脚轻, 我们长用it做形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句子最后。It worries me that he spends too much time playing computer games.,练习： That he has made such a mistake is a pity.That he cant do well in his exam is certain.That the boy failed his exa
5、m is no surprise.That playing computer games can made people feel successful is reported.Whether he is going to give it up depends on himself.,It is a pity that he has made such a mistake.,It depends on himself whether he is going to give it up.,It is certain that he cant do well in his exam.,It is
6、no surprise that the boy failed his exam.,It is reported that playing computer games can make people feel successful.,造句：很可能他把一切都告诉她了,很遗憾我们不能去。,据说格林先生已经到了北京。,It is possible that he told her everything.,It is a pity that we could not go there.,It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.,4.It 不及
7、物动词(seem/happen.) that从句It seems /appears that the boy is not going to change his mind at all. 似乎 It happened (to me) that I have a good idea to make him change his mind. 碰巧5 It + doesnt matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。whether he will listen to me or not doesnt matter.,Where we s
8、hall meet the boy makes no difference.,引导词：由wh-how引导的主语从句：,1.what vs thatWhat you lack is self-confidence.That more and more students are admitted into universities is true.练习：用what 或that填空 he told us this morning was just a lie.It worries my mom _ she is beginning to get a little fat.,What：做句子成分，有具
9、体意义。,What,that,that : 不做句子成分，没有实在意义。当它引导的主语从句放在句首时，that不能省略；如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，that 可以省略。,练习：用whether 或if填空It doesnt matter_ he will come or not._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.It was doubtful_ Tom really saw Lily.,whether,Whether,if/whether,whoever=no matter who=any one whoWh
10、omever=no matter who=any one whoWhichever=no matter which=any one whichWhatever=no matter what=anything thatEg: Whatever you say will have no effect on the boy. Whichever method can persuade the son into giving up computer games is not clear.,如果主语从句置于句首，不能用if引导，此时，需用whether。但如果用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也
11、可以用if 引导。,注意：,（1）主语从句的语气It is necessary/ natural/important/strange+that-clause句型中，that从句中的谓语通常用“should+动词原形” 表示虚拟语气。It is necessary that the problem should be solved at once.It is strange that a lot of children should like playing computer games.,.（2）It 作形式主语 VS 强调句,主语从句常用it作形式主语一般常用句型为It is+名词/形容词/
12、过去分词+主语从句 It is still a question whether she will come or not. It is strange that you should like him. It is still unknown which team will win the match. 而强调句则不同它的结构是It+be+被强调部分+who/that+从句 原句：Mary bought this pen in the shop yesterday. 强调主语强调宾语强调状语,It was Mary who bought this pen in the shop yester
13、day.,It was the pen that was bought by me in the shop yesterday.,It was in the shop that the pen was boughtyesterday.,二、宾语从句,宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。We all know (that) the Earth is round.Yao Ming will talk to us about what he saw in the USA.,关键词：1、主从要一致（主现可灵活，主过从过）2、客观真理、自然现象，从句用一般现在时。,1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定
14、句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.,宾语从句之引导词,在主
15、句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句,Im sorry (that) I dont know .Were sure (that) our team will win .Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .,2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略,Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma like
16、d the handbag .Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .,注意,Could you tell me whether thats a fast train or not ?Do you know whether he is right or not ?I dont care whether hell stay here or not .,如果从句中含有or或or not时，只能用whether而不用if,
