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1、 凯程 2016 年集训营考取北京地区翻译硕士学员 30 多人，成功率 85%以上！第 1 页 共 24 页翻译硕士（MTI）英语常考题关于近义词词汇辨析的资料放送翻译硕士（MTI）考研备考必备关于词汇辨析的整理。ambiguous, obscure, vague, unclear, dimambiguous, obscure, vague, unclear, dim 这一组形容词都有“模糊”的意思。ambiguous a.意义含糊的，有歧义的，指因字、词、句有歧义而使人感到模糊不清、难以理解和把握。His ambiguous directions confused us; we did no
2、t know which of the two roads to take.他的模棱两可的指导使我们很迷惑以至于我们不知道该走哪条路了。obscure a.用于表达因光线不足而使人看不清楚。该词的引申意义可以表示语法、文字、记忆等因复杂、深奥、模棱两可而使人看不懂和无法理解。The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many obscure references. 艾兹拉庞德的诗有时候难以理解，因为诗歌中含有许多令人费解的典故。vague a.含混的，不清楚的，多用于
3、比喻意义，用来表示因逻辑关系不清、言辞 笼统而导致的意义不清楚，该词也可表示轮廓形状的不清楚和模糊。He has some vague ideas about what to do, but nothing specific.他大概知道他要做什么，但没有具体的计划。unclear a.指句意、字迹不清楚，使人难以看懂；不肯定的。Unclear writing is difficult to understand. 模糊的字迹使人难以辨认。It is unclear whether the economy will get better. 经济是否好转仍不明朗。dim a.光线暗淡的，看不清的；
4、记忆力模糊的；不大可能的。Dont work in dim light. 不要在昏暗的光线下工作。His changes of recovery from illness are dim. 他康复的可能性十分渺茫allocate, separate, detach, divideallocate, separate, detach, divide 这一组动词都有“分开”的意思。allocate v.分配，把 拨给。The city government allocated money for schools and the police in this years budget.市政府在今年的
5、预算中给学校和警察部门分配了资金。separate v.人为地分开，使隔离开。We separated the salad forks from the dinner forks. 凯程 2016 年集训营考取北京地区翻译硕士学员 30 多人，成功率 85%以上！第 2 页 共 24 页我们把沙拉叉与餐叉分隔开。detach v.拆开组合的物体；远离，疏远。We need a carpenter to detach this bookshelf from the wall. 我们需要一名木匠将书架从墙上拆下来。divide v.指将整体分为若干个部分。The huge corporation
6、divided into smaller companies. 这家特大公司分成一些较小的公司。 You can divide this between you. 这个你们可以两人平分。Divide the cake with your brother. 和你兄弟分吃这块饼。Divide it in half. 把它分成两半。alleviate, diminish, reduce, decrease, declinealleviate, diminish, reduce, decrease, decline 这一组动词都有“减少，减轻”的意思。alleviate v.在痛苦方面的减轻，缓和Th
7、e painkiller alleviated the pain. 止疼药减缓了疼痛。diminish v.指因为不断消耗，在数量方面缓慢减少，也指在素质或者价值的下降。The supply of oil has diminished because of the war. 由于战争石油的供应减少了。reduce v.指人为地使某物在数量或重量方面的减少或降低。He reduced the amount of money they could spend. 他缩减了他们的开销。decrease v.指数量上的减少；力量或者强度的减弱。The population decreased a lot
8、 last year. 去年人口数量急剧下降。decline v. (数目、价格、比率)下降；谢绝，婉言推辞；衰退，衰落。Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply declined. 去年芝加哥的犯罪率明显下降。He declined our invitation to dinner. 他婉拒了我们请他吃饭的邀请。alive, live, living, livelyalive, live, living, lively 这一组形容词都跟“活”有关。alive a.活着的，有活力的，常作表语，作定语时必须后置。After the acci
9、dent, he was barely alive. 交通事故后，他奄奄一息。all man alive 所有活着的人live a.活的，有活力的，现场直播的，We watched the live broadcast of the opera on TV. 我们通过电视观看了这部歌剧的实况。 凯程 2016 年集训营考取北京地区翻译硕士学员 30 多人，成功率 85%以上！第 3 页 共 24 页living a.活着的，作定语可前可后，可修饰人也可修饰物。Who is the worlds greatest living artist? 谁是现在还健在的世界上最伟大的艺术家？living
10、room 起居室lively a.活泼的，栩栩如生的。She is a lively young girl, always laughing and doing things.她是个活泼可爱的小姑娘，总是欢声笑语忙个不停。alert, cautious, consideratealert, cautious, considerate 这一组形容词都表示“小心的，谨慎的”。alert a.警惕的，留神的。The hostess remained standing, alert to every guests drinking need.女主人一直站在旁边，时刻准备给大家斟酒。cautious a
11、.细心的，谨慎的。He has a cautious attitude about spending money. 在花钱的问题上他态度谨慎。considerate a.关心他人的，体贴的。He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic.他总是很体谅他人，并且慈祥而富有同情心。Since not everybody is so considerate, do what you can to stay healthy. 鉴于不是每个人都这么体贴，你要做任何可以让自己保持健康的事情。He expressed gratit
12、ude to the King for his warm reception and considerate arrangement. 他对国王陛下的热情款待和周到安排表示衷心感谢。You have a choice in how you behave towards others. You can be generous, considerate and caring to the people around you or you can be selfish, self centered and always put your own interests first. 你可以选择如何对待别
13、人.你可以是慷慨的,周到的和关怀的对待你周围的人,也可以是自私的,自我为中心的,并且常常把自己的兴趣放在首位.aggravate, reinforce, increase, strengthen, intensifyaggravate, reinforce, increase, strengthen, intensify 这一组动词都有“加强”的意思。aggravate v.加重(负担、罪行、病情等)，使之恶化。I hurt my foot, then aggravated it by trying to walk too soon.我的脚受伤了，而过早的下地走路又加重了伤情。reinforc
14、e v.增援，一般用于军队或警察的行动；(以添加材料等) 加固。A police officer saw three thieves robbing a bank and radioed to reinforce him.一位警察看到三个盗贼抢劫银行，用无线电话要求增援。increase v.指数量上的增加。The number of people has been increased. 人数增加了。strengthen v.加强，巩固，增强，相当于 to become stronger。Exercising every day strengthens the heart. 凯程 2016 年
15、集训营考取北京地区翻译硕士学员 30 多人，成功率 85%以上！第 4 页 共 24 页每天锻炼可以提高心脏的功能。Competition, they believe, strengthens the national character rather than corrupt it.人们认为竞争加强了民族性而不是破坏了它。intensify v.使变得更强烈、剧烈，加剧，相当于 to become more intense or intensive。intensify colors 加深色彩 intensify hatred 加深仇恨affirm, assert, allege, claim
16、, announce, proclaimaffirm, assert, allege, claim, announce, proclaim 这一组动词都有“声称”的意思。affirm v.坚信不疑地肯定或宣称，是 deny 的反义词。He affirmed his love for her. 他发誓爱她。assert v.指不管事实如何，主观自信地宣称，或者清楚有力地坚持某个情况为事实。She asserted that she was innocent. 她宣称自己是无辜的。allege v.在无真凭实据的情况下宣称、断定。The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighborhood at the time of the crime.嫌疑犯声称案发时他不在现场。claim v.要求，声称，断言。多指根据某种规定提出的要求或主张。They claim that if more people rode bicycles to go to work there would b
