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1、大连理工大学网络教育学院第 1 页 共 8 页大学英语 3 辅导资料六主 题： Unit 4 的重点单词和短语(下)、Unit 4 的知识扩展学习时间：2013 年 11 月 4 日11 月 10 日内 容：NEW WORDS（对课文重点 单词的解释）1. impression n. 印象；感想搭配 1) impression ofe.g. Whats your impression of Frank as a boss ?（你对 身为老板的弗兰克印象如何？）First impressions can be deceptive.（第一印象可能是靠不住的。 ）2) create a good/b
2、ad impressione.g. Arriving late wont create a very favorable impression.（迟到不会给人留下好印象。 ）2. iron vt.（用熨斗）熨平e.g. Have you ironed my shirt?（你把我的衬衫熨过了吗？）3. matter n. 事情，情况e.g. You do realize this is a serious matter, dont you?（你确实意识到这是一件严重的事情，对吧？）He wasnt particularly interested in financial matters.（他对财
3、务上的事不是特别感兴趣。 ）词性变 化 matter vi. 重要，要紧，有关系e.g. Weve missed the train!（我们已经误了火车了！） It doesnt matter, theres another one in 10 minutes.（没关系， 10 分钟后还有一趟。 ）It mattered a great deal to her what other people thought of her.（其他人怎么看她对她来说极为重要。 ）大连理工大学网络教育学院第 2 页 共 8 页4. mental adj. 心理的；智力的e.g. mental health（心理
4、健康）a childs mental development（儿童的智力发展）His problem is mental, not physical.（他的问题是心理的而不是身体的。 ）5. negative adj. 消极的；负面的e.g. Her negative attitude really annoys me.（她的消极 态度令我十分恼火。 ）The play was criticized for its violence and negative message.（该剧因带有暴力内容和消极的思想而受到批评。 ）反义词 positive6. outcome n. 结果；后果e.g.
5、We are anxiously awaiting the outcome of the negotiations.（我们急切地等待着谈判的结果。 ）7. persist vi. 坚持；执意搭配 persist in (doing) sth.e.g. If you persist in causing trouble, the company may be forced to dismiss you.（如果你执意制造麻烦，公司可能不得不解雇你。 ）“Im sorry, I just dont think its right.” John persisted.（“我很抱歉，我只是认为那不对。 ”
6、约翰坚持说道。 ）8. qualified adj. 有资格的；合格的， 胜任的e.g. a qualified accountant（合格的会计师）搭配 qualified to do sth.e.g. Hes qualified to teach in elementary school, but not in high school.（他有资格教小学，但还不够教中学。 ）大连理工大学网络教育学院第 3 页 共 8 页Its a complex legal matter and I dont feel qualified to give an opinion.（这是复杂的法律问题，我觉得自
7、己没资格提出看法。 ）9. reject vt. 拒绝（接受）；不雇用e.g. Sarah rejected her brothers offer of help.（萨拉拒绝了她弟弟要帮忙的提议。 ）Ian was rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight.（伊恩因为视力不好而被拒绝入伍。 ）10. release vt.（化学品）释放e.g. Adrenalin is released in moments of danger.（危险 的时候肾上腺素会释放出来。 ）Plants can absorb carbon dioxide and
8、 release oxygen.（植物可以吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。 ）11. replace vt. 替代，替换e.g. Im replacing Sue on the team.（我接替队里的苏。 ）Well, if he cant manage hell have to be replaced.（如果你应付不了，就得找人替换他。 ）搭配 replace sth. with sth.e.g. Weve replace the old adding machine with a computer.（我们用电脑取代了老式的加法计算器。 ）12. sense vt. 感觉到，意识到e.g. The
9、horse sensed danger and stopped.（那匹马感到有危 险，于是停了下来。 ）I could sense her growing irritation.（我察觉到她的火气越来越大。 ）13. shape vt. 形成（某种信仰、看法等）； 决定（某事物的发展方向等）大连理工大学网络教育学院第 4 页 共 8 页e.g. Peoples political beliefs are often shaped by what they read in the newspapers.（人 们的政治信仰常常是他 们所读报纸 内容的影响下形成的。 ）词性变 化 shape n.
10、外形e.g. What shape is the table round or oval?（那张桌子是什么形状的 圆形还是椭圆形？）You can recognize a tree by the shape of its leaves.（你可以根据树叶的形状辨认出是什么树。 ）14. tense adj. 紧张的；焦 虑的e.g. The robbers were tense as they waited a long time for the van to arrive.（劫匪们在运钞车到来之前的漫长等待中一直十分紧张。 ）Try to act naturally, even if your
11、e tense.（即使紧张也不要做作。 ）15. worthy adj. 值得尊敬的；e.g. a worthy opponent（值得尊敬的对手）搭配 be worthy of（值得的）e.g. The plan is only worthy of our contempt.（这计划一文不值。 ）The book is worthy of being read.（这本书值得一 读。 ）EXPRESSIONS 1. bring up1) 提出（ 议题）e.g. Why did you have to bring up the subject of money?（你为什么非要提钱这个话题？）2)
12、 养育e.g. Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.（她出大连理工大学网络教育学院第 5 页 共 8 页生后不久父母双亡，是由姑母抚养大的。 ）2. due to 由于，因为e.g. The two countries were on the point of war due to the diplomatic disputes.（这两个国家因为外交争端即将开战。 ）Great changes are in prospect in this area due to foreign inv
13、estment.（因为外资的引进，该地区会发生很大变化。 ）一、过去完成时（本课重点和难点）1. 构成 had + 过去分词2. 功能1) 表示在 过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或情况。They had got everything ready before I came.（在我来到之前，他们已经把一切准备好了。 ）I could see from her face that she had received some good news.（从她的脸上我可以看出她有什么高兴事儿。 ）2) 过去完成 时常用在有 hardly, scarcely, barely, no soo
14、ner . than 等副词的句子中，这种结构表示“ 刚刚就，不等就”。She had hardly (scarcely) gone to bed when the bell rang.（她刚刚睡下铃就响了。 ）No sooner had they left the building than a bomb exploded.3) intend, mean, hope, want, plan 等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而没有做的事I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just w
15、hen I was about to leave.（我本来昨天要去看你的，但是刚 要出门就有人来访。 ）大连理工大学网络教育学院第 6 页 共 8 页He had wanted to help you but he had no time then.（他本想帮助你的，但当时没有时间。 ）4) 表示 “过去的将来” 某一 时刻之前已经完成的动作She made up her mind to go on trying until she had succeeded.5) 时间 状语可由上下文表示The office was quiet. Everybody had gone home.（办公室里静
16、悄悄的，大家都回家了。 ）6) hope, expect, think, want 等词的过去完成时常用于比较结构中He did better than we had thought.（他做得比我们原想的要好。 ）7) first (second, third, last) time 同过去完成时连用It was the first time he had lost the game.（这是他第一次比 赛输了。 ）二、将来完成时1. 构成 shall (will) have + 过去分词2. 功能1) 表示将来某时之前或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作I shall have finished it by next Friday.（到下周五我就把它完成了。 ）She will have written it tomorr
