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1、12010 高考英语常用词汇辨析 500 例W wash wash away wash 表示“洗(手、衣服等) ”,既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词; wash away 表示“冲走” 、 “冲垮” 、 “洗掉” ,作及物动词短语用。 EXERCISES The flood some of the houses in the village He his face and hands,then went downstairs You must before dinner (Keys: washed away washed wash) wear;have on;put on;dress;(be)
2、in颜色(服装、眼镜等) wear 主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜(手套、首饰、帽)等,以强调“穿(戴)着”的状态。例如: Mr Wu always wears a blue coat in winter 吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣。 have on 作“穿(戴)着”解,同 wear一样,也表状态,但不用于进行时态。例如: Xiao Wang has on a white shirt today (Xiao Wang is wearing a white shirt today ) 小王今天穿着一件白衬衫。 put on 着重强调“穿(戴)上 ”的动作。例如: I like to put on m
3、y hat when I go out in winter 冬天,我喜欢外出时戴上帽子。 dress 既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等物。例如: 1)Her mother is dressing her 她母亲正在给她穿衣服。 2)The nurses are dressed in white 护士穿着白衣服。 “(be)in颜色或服装、眼镜等”也表示“穿着”的状态,在句中作表语或定语。例如: He is in uniform today 他今天穿着制服。 work onwork at work on 表示“从事”、 “创作” 、 “进行” ,后面接名词、代词或Vi
4、ng,强调做具体的事;还可表示“继续工作” 、 “努力说服” ,既可作及物动词短语用,又可作不及物动词短语用。例如: Miss Liu is working on a new book刘老师正在写一部新书。 Well work on till midnight我们将继续工作到午夜。 work at 表示“致力于” 、 “从事于” 、 “研究” 、 “学习” ,后面接名词、代词或Ving,强调把时间和精力等用在某一方面的事情上,侧重于说明所从事的工作性质。例如: Mr.Zhang is working at a new invention张先生正从事于一项新的发明。 He has worked
5、at this subject for many years他研究这门学科已经好多年了。 would do sth; used to do sth这两个短语都可以表示“过去经常做某事” ,但区别是: would do sth表示过去某一段时间内习惯性的行为、活动;used to do sth在时间上主要是同现在对比,暗含“现在已不这样了”的意思;其后既可接表示动作的动词,也可接表示认知或状态的动词。2010 高考英语常用词汇辨析 500 例 V vast; huge两者都是形容词,意思是“巨大的、庞大的” 。 在强调面积和范围的宽广或博大时,用 vast;指体积或容量等方面“巨大、超过一般标准
6、”时,用 huge。如:This area is covered in vast forests 这个地区被一片广阔无垠的森林覆盖。Thats a huge ship 那艘船好大。 very; right; just 三者都含有“正好;就是”之意, very 是形容词,用来修饰名词,位于 the, this,my 等限定词后; right 和 just 作副词,用来修饰谓语(常为动词 be)或作状语的介词短语等,须放在2the, this,my 等限定词之前。如: At the very beginning of this term, they took an exam 就在学期开始的时候,他
7、们举行了一次考试。 He is just the actor I want他正是我所想要的演员。 The police looked at the thief right in the eye警察目不转睛地盯着小偷。 2010 高考英语常用词汇辨析 500 例 U used to; be used to; get used to used to 意为“过去常常(做某事) ”,后接动词原形。常用来表示今昔对比,含“(现在)已不那样做了”之意。如: She used to work hard她过去工作很努力。(暗指现在工作不努力了。 ) be used to 有两个含义: “被用来做某事” ,后接
8、动词原形。“习惯于;适应”,后接名词、代词或 ving,表示一种状态。如: Computers are used to do many things for people now 现在计算机被用来做许多事情。 He is used to hard work 他现在习惯于艰苦的工作。 She isnt used to living in the countryside now 她不习惯在乡下生活。 get used to 意为“习惯于 ”,表示一个动作,含“由不适应向适应的转变” ,其后接名词、代词或 ving。如: Youll soon get used to the weather here
9、你很快就会适应这儿的天气。 2010 高考英语常用词汇辨析 500 例 T take along; take care of; take place; take out 1) Miss Wang a handkerchief and blew her nose 2) Mr Zhang some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job there 3) Since 1996, great changes in our school 4) My grandmother was illI must stay at home to her 析: too
10、k out。表示“拿出;掏出” 。 took along。表示“携带;随身带着” ,其中 along 是副词。 have taken place。表示“发生” ,相当于一不及物动词,无被动语态。 take care of 。表示“照料;照管;照顾” 。 tell from; tell between 二者均为习惯用法:tell A from B 意为“区分 A 和 B”,也可以说成 tell the difference between A and B。如:Can you tell American English from British English 你能分辨出美国英语和英国英语吗?To
11、 tell the truth, I really cant tell the differences between the Maori and American Indians 老实说,我真的分不清毛利人和印第安人。 the same as;the same that the same as是表示“相似或同一类的人和事”之意。例如: Many of the sports were the same as they are now 过去的很多体育项目和现在的一样。 This is the same book as Mr Wang lost 这本书跟王先生丢失的那本一模一样。 而 the sa
12、me that 作“同一个人或同一件事”解。例如: This is the same book that Mr Wang lost 这本书就是王先生丢失的那本书。 That is the same bike that I lost 那辆自行车就是我丢失的那辆。 think ofthink aboutthink over 这三个词组都与“想”有关,但所表达的含义有所不同。 think of 多用来指“想起,认为” 。 如:Last night,before I went to bed,I thought of my parents昨晚我睡觉前,想起了我的父母。 What do you think
13、 of that book?你认为那本书怎么样? think about 多用来指“考虑某事情或对某事进行思考” 。 如:Think about what you have done!想想你所做的这一切吧! 3 think over 意思是“仔细考虑,认真思考”。 如:Before you answer this question,please think it over在回答这个问题之前,请认真考虑一下。 this kind of, of this kind 二者都表示“这种” ,但“this kind of名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数常与 kind 保持一致;“名词of this kind
14、”作主语时,谓语动词的数常与该名词保持一致。如: This kind of actress is easy to find but directors of this kind are scarce 这种女演员不难找,可是这种导演却不多见。 though;although;as 这三个词都可以表示“虽然” 、 “尽管” 。though 和although 引导让步状语从句时,常可互换,只是 although 的语气更强一些。如: ThoughAlthough it was late,the farmers kept on harvesting the crops by the lights o
15、f the tractors 此外,though 可以用于省略句,although 很少这样用 though 引导的从句可以部分倒装,although 引导的从句不用倒装语序。如: Though poor, he is always neatly dressed Poor though I am, I can afford it as 表示“虽然” 、 “尽管”引导让步状语从句时,从句要用倒装语序,将表语、状语等置于句首。 Tired as he was, he went on working with his workmates Child as he is, he knows a lot about the computer 注意:as 引导让步状语从句时,若充当表语的名词位于句首,则该名词前面不用冠词。 through; over; across; into 1) The PLA man jumped the water to save the boy 2) The highway goes under the river the tunnel 3) There is a bridge the river 4) The ship sailed the Atl