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1、1非谓语动词的解题思路在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词) 。1）不定式 (to do) 表示目的，将来时态语态 主动 被动一般式to do to be done完成式 to have done to have been done2）动名词/现在分词 ing 表示主动， 同时进行时态语态 主动 被动一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done3）过去分词 ed 表示被动，完成的状态否定形式： not + to do，not + -ing，not
2、+ -ed在做题过程中，如果能按照“先结构，再语态，后时态”这三步思考，再难的题目也能迎刃而解。一、先结构。非谓语动词充当动词的宾语或宾语补足语的时候，它的形式要由前面的动词决定。因此，我们要先考虑它与前面动词固定搭配的结构形式。有些动词的宾语只接动词不定式(to do)，如 agree, ask, decide, expect, pretend, want, wish, learn, seem 等；而有些动词或动词短语则要求只能用动名词(-ing)作宾语，如 appreciate, avoid, delay, allow, suggest, finish, practice, enjoy,
3、imagine, forbid, risk, mind, stand, consider, insist on, escape, look forward to 等；还有一些使役动词的固定搭配，如 have sth. done 等，动词搭配的结构已经固定了非谓语的形式。例如：He was pretending _ while his mother came in his study.A. reading B. to be reading C. read D. be reading只要学生掌握动词 pretend 后只能接不定式作它的宾语，即 pretend to do sth（假装做某事）这个
4、结构的话，一眼就可选出 B 这个正确答案。二、再语态。不必考虑或考虑完毕非谓语动词的固定结构后，再分析非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语的关系，如果是被动关系，则要选用相应的被动形式，如 to be done, being done, done 等。例如：_ from a distance, the mountain looked like a lion.2A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See非谓语动词 see 与其逻辑主语 the mountain 的关系是被动关系，所以答案选 A。三、后时态。前面两种情况都考虑完后，我们要根据语境分辨非谓语动词这个动作或状态与对应的谓
5、语动词两个动作发生的顺序选择正确的时态。如果非谓语动词这个动作或状态在对应的谓语动词之前所发生的，则要用完成式 having done, to have done（主动）或 having been done, to have been done（被动） ；同时发生的，用进行式 doing（主动）或 being done（被动）；之后发生的，可用不定式 to do（主动）或 to be done（被动） 。如：He seemed _ by his father since he looked upset then.A. to be scolded B. to have been scolded
6、C. being scolded D. Scolded首先，我们要考虑 seem 接宾语的非谓语动词形式是不定式，即 seem to do sth.，其次我们要考虑 scold 跟逻辑主语 He 的关系是被动，即 seem to be scolded，最后我们要考虑时态，seemed 已经是过去时，而且从句 since he looked upset then 也是过去时，因此 scold 这动作肯定是在 seem 和 look 之前发生。这样推下来，只有 B 项 ( seemed to have been scolded)符合题目意思和逻辑。实战演练历年高考题：1.（06 年全国卷 I）_
7、and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising2.（06 年湖北卷）Dont sit there _ nothing. Come and help me with the table.A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing3.（06 年广东卷）No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract people
8、 all over the world.A. performed B. performing c. to be performed D. being performed4.（06 年广东卷）_ this cake, youll need 2eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour.A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making5.（06 年安徽卷）My cousin came to see me from the country, _ me a full basket of fresh fruits.A. brought B. br
9、inging C. to bring D. had brought6.（06 年安徽卷）Tom sounds very much _ in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it.A. interested B. interesting C. interestingingly D. interestedly7.（06 年福建卷）_ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To b
10、lame D. To be blamed38.（05 年全国卷 II） “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran9.（05 年天津卷） You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it _ often enough.A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained10.（05 年江西卷） The manager, _ it clear to us that
11、he didnt agree with us, left the meeting room.A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making11.（05 年湖北卷） _ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separated B. Having separatedC. Having been separated D
12、. To be separated12.（04 年全国卷）_ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited 13.（04 年广东卷） _ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not h
13、aving completed D. Having not completed14.（04 年湖南卷） You were silly not your car.A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked 15.（04 年江苏卷） The old man, _abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked16.（04 年天津卷） Dont
14、leave the water while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run17.（03 年全国卷）A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen.Asmoke B smoking Cto smoke Dsmoked18.（02 年全国卷）Having a trip abroad is certainty good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will en
15、joy it.A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen19.（01 年全国卷）_ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered20.（00 年全国卷）Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job.Aexpected Bto expect Cto be expecting Dexpects4Keys:1-5: B C A C B 6-10: A B B D B 11-15: C C C B D 16-20: B B B A B部分题目详解：1
