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1、高三英语组高考二轮复习学案 高三英语组高考二轮复习学案 第 1 页高三英语第二轮复习学案 编号：0118Unit 2 非谓语动词考点一：非谓语动词作主语动词不定式和动名词可用作句子的主语。不定式表示某一具体的，尤其是未发生的动作；动名词表示抽象的、泛指的动作，尤其是一般行为倾向。两者可位于句首，也可用 it 作形式主语，而把不定式或动名词置于后面。To get up early is necessary.Its not easy to work out the problem.Finding work is difficult these days.It is no use crying ov
2、er spilt milk.考点二：非谓语动词作宾语动词不定式和动名词可用作宾语。afford, agree, ask, decide, desire, expect, fail, hope, manage, promise, pretend, plan, intend, refuse, wish 等动词后要接不定式作宾语。He failed to attract her e，get ，grow 后接不定式作宾语时，意为 “逐渐地”。She has a hot temper，but you will grow to like her.admit, appreciate, avoid, cons
3、ider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, risk, resist, suggest 等动词后要接动名词作宾语。I admit breaking the window.burst out，cant stand，end up，give up，feel like，keep on，insist on，look forward to，put off，devote.to，object to，be busy(in)，get down to，have difficulty
4、/trouble(in)，have agood/wonderful/hard time(in)，have fun 等短语后要接动名词作宾语。He didnt want to end up going home alone.下列动词或短语后接不定式和动名词作宾语时，意义上有所不同。高三英语组高考二轮复习学案 高三英语组高考二轮复习学案 第 2 页Remember to post the letter for me on your way to school.请你在上学的路上记住替我把这封信寄出去。I remember turning off the light before I left the
5、 office.我记得在离开办公室前关上了灯。动词 like，love，prefer，hate ，continue 等后接不定式或动名词作宾语均可。但如表示经常性的动作要用动名词，如表示具体的行为要用不定式。I like swimming，but I dont like to swim this afternoon.注：在 prefer.to.结构中用动名词，而在 prefer.rather than.结构中则用不定式。I prefer walking there to taking a bus.I prefer to walk there rather than take a bus.动词
6、need，require，want 作“ 需要”解时，其后要用动名词的主动语态或不定式的被动语态作宾语。与此相同用法的动词还有 deserve“值得”。The window needs cleaning/to be cleaned.形容词 worth 后要接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，它不同于 worthy 的用法。The Summer Palace is worth visiting.The Summer Palace is worthy of being visited/to be visited.介词后一般要接动名词作宾语。但介词 but/except 后接不定式作宾语时，如前面有实义
7、动词 do，不定式就要省略 to。Upon arriving at the airport，he delivered an important speech.It has no choice but to lie down and sleep.动词如 find，feel，think，expect，consider，make 等后可接不定式作宾语，但宾语后要接形容词或名词作宾语补足语，而且要用 it 作形式宾语。He found it difficult to work out the problem.考点三：非谓语动词作宾语补足语动词不定式和分词用作宾语补足语。tell,want,wish,a
8、dvise,order,get,require, expect, remind,persuade,encourage, convince, force, beg, allow, forbid 等动词后可接不定式作宾语补足语。My doctor advised me to take a rest.使役动词 have，let，make 等后面可接不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语。高三英语组高考二轮复习学案 高三英语组高考二轮复习学案 第 3 页I like him because he makes me laugh.感官动词 feel，hear，see，watch，notice，observe ，
9、listen to，look at 等后面可接不带to 的不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语。Did you notice anyone go into the house?have，keep，leave，find， catch，send 等动词后可接现在分词作宾语补足语。She kept me waiting for over 20 minutes.want, like, wish, order, have, make, get, keep,leave,see,hear,find,feel,notice,observe,watch 等动词后还可接过去分词作宾语补足语。 I wish the off
10、ice painted white before I move in.考点四：非谓语动词作定语动词不定式、动名词和分词可用作定语。不定式作定语一般表示将来的动作，但修饰有序数词或形容词最高级限定的名词时，则表示已完成的动作。I have a lot of things to do today.She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.不定式作定语时有时要用主动形式表示被动意思。Do you have anything to take home?动名词作定语通常表示中心词的用途。He had a very
11、 expensive walking stick.现在分词作定语，通常表示与先行词之间是主动关系，且分词动作正在发生；过去分词则表示被动关系，且分词动作已经完成或陈述中心词的状态。Do you know the man talking to Tom?Do you know all the people invited to the party?All the broken windows have been repaired.考点五：非谓语动词作状语动词不定式和分词可用作状语。不定式可用作目的状语。He sat down to have a rest.不定式在下列结构中作结果状语。adj./a
12、dv.enoughto do.tooadj./adv.to do.soadj./adv .as to do.He was so careless as to forget to lock the door.不定式可用来表示意想不到的结果，还可用 only to do 结构。He left，never to return.He lifted a stone only to drop it on his own feet.不定式可作评注性状语，用以修饰整个句子。高三英语组高考二轮复习学案 高三英语组高考二轮复习学案 第 4 页To be honest，I know nothing about it
13、.分词可用作时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随状语。当分词与句子的主语之间是主动关系时，用现在分词；如是被动关系，要用过去分词。She got home， feeling exhausted.She got home, exhausted.现在分词还可作评注性状语，表示说话人的态度，此时现在分词与句子的主语无关。常见的说法有:generally speaking“一般来说”；frankly speaking“坦白地说” ；judging from.“根据来判断”；considering.“考虑到”等。Judging from his accent，he is Canadian.考点六：非
14、谓语动词作表语动词不定式、动名词和分词可用作表语。The first step is to check the victims breathing.My hobby is growing flowers.This experience is thrilling.He was thrilled at the sight of the scene.高频考点：考点七：非谓语动词的几种特殊结构不定式的复合结构“for/of名词( 代词 )不定式” 构成不定式的复合结构。Its expensive for people to use electricity for cooking.Its careles
15、s of you to make such a mistake.动名词的复合结构动名词之前有时要加上自己的逻辑主语构成复合结构，逻辑主语可用名词的所有格或物主代词，有时也可用名词或宾格代词。I cant imagine George sailing across the ocean in a boat.My coming back home late made my mother very angry.分词的独立主格结构当分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时,就要给分词加上自己的主语,构成独立主格结构。Weather permitting，well play golf this afternoon.
16、Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea.“疑问词不定式” 结构When and where to hold the meeting is not known yet.I didnt know whether to laugh or cry about it.with 的复合结构In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.The thief was brought in with his hands tied back.With five minutes to go before the last train left，we arrived at the station.考点八：非谓语动词的时态和
