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1、 (外研版)初中英语笔记初一 (下)Module 1 People and places1. 现在进行时 现在进行时的构成:肯定句:主语+be+动词-ing+. They are lying in the sun.否定句:主语+be+动词-ing+ She isnt listening to music.一般疑问句:Be+主语+动词-ing+一般疑问句的回答: Yes, 主语+be的相应形式。 No, 主语+am not/ isnt/ arent. -Are you talking with Lisa on the phone? -Yes, I am. / No, I am not.特殊疑问句
2、:疑问代/副词(作主语)+be+动词-ing+? What game are the children playing now? 疑问代/副词+ be+主语+动词-ing+? Who is singing in the next room?现在进行时的用法:表示正在进行的行为 如:He is cleaning his room now. 他正在打扫房间。 表示移动的终止性动词(如come, go, run, leave, start, begin, arrive, return等),用于进行时表将来。如: Were leaving for Hong Kong next week. 现在分词(动
3、词-ing)的变化规律:动词变化规则 示例一般情况下,直接加-ingworking, buying, saying, talking以不发音的e结尾,去e后加-ingtaking, having, making, writing以辅音字母+元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写末尾辅音字母,在加-ingstopping, shopping, sitting, getting,running, swimming 特殊变化lielying, die-dying常与现在进行时连用的时间状语:now现在, right now现在, at the moment现在.2.
4、talk to sb.=talk with sb. 同某人谈话。3. enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事。 Eg. She enjoys swimming. enjoy sth. 喜爱某物。 Eg. I enjoy the film very much.4. other “其他的,另外的” 例:He has two sons, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.5. be shopping for “正在购物” 例:Were shopping for new coats all the morning. 6. a lot 可以用来修饰动词
5、,表示“很;非常” Her sister looks a lot like her. a lot of/ lots of“大量;许多”,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词均可。如:There are a lot of teachers outside the building. Her husband earns lots of money.Module 2 Spring Festival1. help sb. with sth.=help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。如:My father is helping me with my homework. 2. get read
6、y for 为准备好3. learn to do sth. 学会做某事4. decorate with用来装饰5. give sb. sth. =give sth. to sb.给某人某物6. be interested in+某人/某物 “对感兴趣”如: He maths. be interested in doing. 对做某事感兴趣 如:Betty is interested in cooking.Module 3 Plans1. 一般将来时:be going to2. 表示打算、计划做某事,用be going to do sth.如:They are going to China fo
7、r a visit.3. make a plan for为做计划4. revise 表示“(考试前)温习(功课)” 如:Linda is revising her maths for the exam next week.5. look forward to +n./ doing sth. “期待,盼望” 如:Im look forward to my holiday. They are look forward to visiting Beijing.7. do some sightseeing(观光,游览), do some cleaning(打扫卫生), do some reading(
8、看书), do some washing(洗衣服)Module 4 Life in the future1. 一般将来时:will 表示未来的事实或对将来的预测,用“will+动词原形“来表示。 如:Students will use computer to learn. will表示的一般将来时,没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式为will not或缩写为 wont。如: He wont use books. 一般将来时态用在there be句型中为“There will be”;be going to也可以用在there be句型中,即“There is going to be”或“There
9、 are going to be” 如:There will be a big park over there. There is going to be an English party this week. There are going to be three new films in the cinema next month. 常与一般将来时连用的时间状语:in the future, next week/month, tomorrow, in+一段时间, the day after tomorrow2. everyone “每个人”, no one“无人”(作单数用,不与of连用)
10、如:No one in our class likes him.3. job“工作”,为可数名词 work“工作”,为不可数名词4. 在英语中,动词的-ing形式由“动词原形+-ing”构成,有的相当于名词,因此可在句中作主语。如: Drinking milk is good for you.Walking and swimming are good exercise.5. use to=with使用.来做 Students will use computers to study. Students will study with computers.6. 因果关系:because“因为”,s
11、o“所以”;在表示“因为所以”的句子中,because和so只能只选一个。用why提问时,就用because来回答。如: Planes will be very large so flying will be very cheap. -Why cant I go? -Because you are ill.Module 5 My hometown and country1. 形容词比较级: 在对两者进行比较时,形容词要采用比较级的形式。即“主语+be动词+形容词比较级+than+比较的对象”。如:Shanghai is busier than small cities.形容词比较级的构成:构成
12、原级比较级一般单音节词尾加-erfewtallfewertaller以不发音的e结尾的单音词只加-rnicefinelargenicerfinerlarger以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-erbighotredthinfatbiggerhotterredderthinnerfatter以“辅音字母+y“结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-erbusyearlyeasybusierearliereasier少数以-er, -ow,结尾的双音词节,在词尾加-erclevernarrowcleverernarrower其他双音节词和多音节词,在原级前面加moretired
13、carefulmore tiredmore careful2. be famous for表示“因闻名”。如: China is famous for the Great Wall. be famous as表示“作为而闻名”。如:Zhou Jielun is famous as a singer.3. be busy doing sth. =be busy with sth. 表示“忙于做某事”。4. population一般用作单数,表示“人口,居民”。如: Whats the population of Canada. China has a large population.5. hi
14、gh & tall high常指建筑物的高低,反义词为low;tall指人、动物、树木的高低,反义词为short。6. 方位介词in, on, to 范围之内用in,如:Beijing is in the north of China. 相邻接壤用on,如:on the (east) of 范围之外用to,如:to the (south) ofModule 6 The Olympic adventure1. 副词英语中以-ly结尾的词多为副词,许多形容词后面加上-ly就构成副词。一般来说,副词是用来说明动词的,或用来修饰形容词或副词的,修饰动词的副词一般放在动词之后。如: She gets up early. She speaks English well. The teacher speaks slowly and carefully.2. be goo