《表语从句和同位语从句》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《表语从句和同位语从句（3页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 Happy Learning, Star Shining 愉 悦 学 习 闪 烁 星 光 1（一） 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后. 作用：对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内容具体化。结构是主语+系动词+表语从句 系动词（包括 be 动词和以下六种）亦称联系动词（Link Verb） ，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语） ，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。1）状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有 be 一词，例如： He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。 （is 与补足语一起说明主语的身份。 ）2）持续系动词 用
2、来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有 keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 This matter remains a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。3）表像系动词 用来表示看起来像 这一概念，主要有 seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。4）变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有 become, grow, tur
3、n, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如： He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。5）终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作，主要有 prove, trun out, 表达 证实， 变成之意，例如： The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。 His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。 （turn out 表终止性结果）连接
4、词：that / whether /as if /as though （ if 不引导表语从句)连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because 在表语从句中，表“是否” 时，只能用 “whether”不能用“If”。由从属连词 that，whether 引导的表语从句。 that 在引导表语从句时无词义，在口语中，间或可以省略。而 whether 有词义，意为、 “是否” 。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question，trouble，problem，result，chance，
5、suggestion，idea，reason 等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。主要有三种类型1.由 that 引导(that 有时可省略)The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. My idea is that we should start making preparations right now.The reason was that you dont trust her.2、由关系代词(副词) 引导的表语从句。 关系代词 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoe
6、ver, whomever, whichever 引导代词The question is which of us should go. The problem was who could do the work.Thats what he is worrying about. 副词。That s why I object the plan. That is where you are wrong. That is how I look at it.3.由关系代词型 what 引导 Happy Learning, Star Shining 愉 悦 学 习 闪 烁 星 光 2That is wha
7、t I want to stress.这是我想强调的。That is what we are here for. 我们来这里就是为了这个。1. The question is _ we will have our sports meeting next weekA. that B. if C. when D. whether2. The reason why he failed is _he was too careless. A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left it A.
8、 where B. there C. there where D. where there 4The problem is _to take the place of Ted A. who can we get B. what we can get C. who we can get D. that we can get 5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us. A. that B. if C. whether D.不填 6. The reason is_I missed the bus. A. that B. whe
9、n C. why D. what 7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what 8. He was born here. - That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how 9.That is _ Lu Xun once lived. A. what B. where C. that D. why10.Jane is no longer _ she was four years agoA. what B. which
10、 C. that D. when （二） ，4 同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（ idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ； problem ；news 等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明.同位语从句常用 that 引导或用连接副词 when / where/why / how / whether 表达“是否”的概念时，要用 whether 不用 if 来引导同位语从句补充:同位语：一般用名词或者数词代词、形容词做同位语Eg：在名词后面有时跟另一名词， ，说明他指的是谁This is my friend Harry.名词We both come fr
11、om Hunan. 代词You three take these seats. 数词This is Mr. Johnson, director of the health center.(非)People, old and young, took to the streets to see the star.形容词老老少少的。 。 。 。1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.2) I receive a message that she would be late.3).Sydne
12、y kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.4)I have heard the news that he visited our factory .5)I have heard the news that he told you the other day .注意：有的同位语从句的引导词有时与它所解释说明的名词被其他成分隔开，构成分隔式同位语从句。例 1：The story spreads widely that the queen l
13、ikes to be surrounded with noble-looking gentlemen.据说女王喜欢身边有一群样子高贵的绅士。 Happy Learning, Star Shining 愉 悦 学 习 闪 烁 星 光 32. The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery.消息传开说他赢彩票得了一辆车。1.事实是他们生彼此的气。The fact is that they are cross with each other.2. 原因是我们没有好好保护地球。The reason is that we dont prot
14、ect earth well.3.这就是我们迟到的原因。That is the reason why we are late.4. 问题是谁可以被派去代替他。The problem is who can be sent to replace him.5这就是我们接下来应该做的。表从That is what we should do next.6.火车有可能晚点。There is a possibility that the train may be late.7.我得到的消息说他会晚点来这里。I received a message that he would be here late.8.他们将要去厦门这座美丽的城市。They are going to Xiamen, a beautiful city.9. 我们的英语老师黄老师是一位非常好心的人。Our E
