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1、精品文档_卫生类-相同项单选集1、Onlythreestrategiesareavailableforcontrollingcancer,prevention,screeningandtreatment.Lungcancercausesmoredeathsthananyothertypeofcancer.Amajorcauseofthediseaseis(51)known;thereisnogoodevidencethatscreeningisofmuchhelp;andtreatmentfailsinabout90percentofallcases.Atpresent,therefore,t
2、hemainstrategymustbe(52).Thismaynotalwaysbetrue,ofcourse,asforsomeothertypesOfcancer,research(53)thepastfewdecadeshasproduced(orsuggested)someimportantprogressinprevention,screeningortreatment.(54),however,weconsidernotwhatresearchmayonedayofferbutwhattodaysknowledgecouldalreadydeliverthatisnotbeing
3、delivered,thenthemostpracticableandcost-effectiveopportunitiesforavoidingprematuredeathfromcancer,especiallylungcancer,probablyinvolveneitherscreeningnorimproved(55),butprevention.Thisconclusiondoesnotdependontheunrealisticassumptionthatwecan(56)tobacco.Itmerelyassumesthatwecanreducecigarettesalesap
4、preciablybyraisingpricesorby(57)thetypeofeducationthatalreadyappearstohavehada(58)effectoncigaretteconsumptionbywhite-collarworkers,andthatwecansubstantiallyreducetheamountoftardeliveredpercigarette.Thepracticabilityofpreventingcancerbysuchmeasuresappliesnotonlyinthosecountries,(59)theUS,where,becau
5、secigarettesmokinghasbeencommonfordecades,2530percentofallcancerdeathsnowinvolvelungcancer,butalsointhosewhereithasbecome(60)onlyrecently.InChina,forexample,lungcancer(61)accountsforonlyabout510percentofallcancerdeaths.Thisisbecauseitmaytakeasmuchashalfacentury(62)theriseinsmokingtoincreasetheincide
6、nceoflungcancer.Countrieswherecigarettesmokingisonlynowbecomingwidespreadcanexpectenormousincreasesinlungcancerduringthe1990sorearlyinthenextcentury,(63)prompteffectiveactionistakenagainstthehabit-indeed.,suchincreasesarealreadyplainlyevidentinpartsof(64).Therearefourreasonswhythepreventionoflungcan
7、cerisofsuchoverwhelmingimportance:first,thediseaseisextremelycommon,causingmoredeathsthananyothertypeofcancernowdoes;secondly,itisgenerallyincurable;thirdly,effective,practicablemeasurestoreduceitsincidencearealreadyreliablyknown;and,finally,(65)tobaccoconsumptionwillalsohaveasubstantialimpactonmany
8、otherdiseases.51（）A.hardlyB.neverC.lessD.reliably2、Onlythreestrategiesareavailableforcontrollingcancer,prevention,screeningandtreatment.Lungcancercausesmoredeathsthananyothertypeofcancer.Amajorcauseofthediseaseis(51)known;thereisnogoodevidencethatscreeningisofmuchhelp;andtreatmentfailsinabout90perce
9、ntofallcases.Atpresent,therefore,themainstrategymustbe(52).Thismaynotalwaysbetrue,ofcourse,asforsomeothertypesOfcancer,research(53)thepastfewdecadeshasproduced(orsuggested)someimportantprogressinprevention,screeningortreatment.(54),however,weconsidernotwhatresearchmayonedayofferbutwhattodaysknowledg
10、ecouldalreadydeliverthatisnotbeingdelivered,thenthemostpracticableandcost-effectiveopportunitiesforavoidingprematuredeathfromcancer,especiallylungcancer,probablyinvolveneitherscreeningnorimproved(55),butprevention.Thisconclusiondoesnotdependontheunrealisticassumptionthatwecan(56)tobacco.Itmerelyassu
11、mesthatwecanreducecigarettesalesappreciablybyraisingpricesorby(57)thetypeofeducationthatalreadyappearstohavehada(58)effectoncigaretteconsumptionbywhite-collarworkers,andthatwecansubstantiallyreducetheamountoftardeliveredpercigarette.Thepracticabilityofpreventingcancerbysuchmeasuresappliesnotonlyinth
12、osecountries,(59)theUS,where,becausecigarettesmokinghasbeencommonfordecades,2530percentofallcancerdeathsnowinvolvelungcancer,butalsointhosewhereithasbecome(60)onlyrecently.InChina,forexample,lungcancer(61)accountsforonlyabout510percentofallcancerdeaths.Thisisbecauseitmaytakeasmuchashalfacentury(62)t
13、heriseinsmokingtoincreasetheincidenceoflungcancer.Countrieswherecigarettesmokingisonlynowbecomingwidespreadcanexpectenormousincreasesinlungcancerduringthe1990sorearlyinthenextcentury,(63)prompteffectiveactionistakenagainstthehabit-indeed.,suchincreasesarealreadyplainlyevidentinpartsof(64).Therearefo
14、urreasonswhythepreventionoflungcancerisofsuchoverwhelmingimportance:first,thediseaseisextremelycommon,causingmoredeathsthananyothertypeofcancernowdoes;secondly,itisgenerallyincurable;thirdly,effective,practicablemeasurestoreduceitsincidencearealreadyreliablyknown;and,finally,(65)tobaccoconsumptionwi
15、llalsohaveasubstantialimpactonmanyotherdiseases.52（）A.treatmentB.cureC.preventionD.diagnosis3、Onlythreestrategiesareavailableforcontrollingcancer,prevention,screeningandtreatment.Lungcancercausesmoredeathsthananyothertypeofcancer.Amajorcauseofthediseaseis(51)known;thereisnogoodevidencethatscreeningisofmuchhelp;andtreatmentfailsinabout90percentofallcases.Atpresent,therefore,themainstrategymustbe(52).Thismaynotalwaysbetrue,ofcourse,asforsomeothertypesOfcancer,research(53)thepastfewdecadeshasproduced(orsuggested)someimportantprogressinprevention,screeningortreatment.(54),however
