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1、11同学们好！这学期大家开始精研细练翻译。针对翻译要做到“信、达、雅”的效果，我们开始着手练习段落翻译。每个段落翻译练习由【翻译原文】和【参考译文】组成，内容包括中国文化、教育、经济等。在翻译练习过程中，大家首先应浏览全段，明白主旨大意，并对有关语言包括词汇和句式表达进行斟酌思考。勤能补拙，敢于发问，查询资料，把原文意思准确、通顺、流畅地表达出来。善于积累相关词汇和句式表达方式，找到翻译方法，才能应万变。祝大家在笔头翻译实践方面，能有所长进，并能自发查询资料，翻译技能有一定提高。汉译英翻译练习选编1. 中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，
2、也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展现在面前。After 3,000 years of evolvement, Chinese gardens have become a unique landscape. This includes both large gardens built as entertainment venues for
3、royal family, and private gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials. These gardens have constituted a miniature that is designed in praise of the harmony between man and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of various
4、buildings linked by winding trails and corridors, with ponds, rockeries, trees, and flowers scattered in it. Wandering in such a well-designed garden, people may feel that they are walking in a landscape painting.2.四大发明中国以引进缓解人类生活的方法和工具闻名世界。在中国古代发明中，有四种发明不仅对本国的发展和变化做出贡献，而且对世界经济和文化繁荣也做出了贡献。中国古代四大发明包括
5、造纸、印刷、火药 和指南针。四大发明对世界经22济和人类文化做出了突出贡献。它们标志着中国在世界文明中发挥的的作用。China is well known for its introduction of ways and means to help ease the life of mankind. Among the inventions of Ancient China, four emerged as great contributions to the developments and changes not only to the country, but also to the w
6、orlds economy and culture. The Great Four Inventions of ancient China were papermaking, commercial printing, gunpowder, and the compass. Chinas four great ancient inventions made tremendous contributions to the worlds economy and the culture of mankind. They were also important symbols of Chinas rol
7、e as a great world civilization.3.丝绸之路：闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路是古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和发挥这重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术传遍各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器也传遍各地，欧洲也是通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. The Silk Road represents the anci
8、ent Chinese silk trade. The Silk Road trade played an important role in China, South Asia, Europe and Africa. It was through the Silk Road that Chinese papermaking, gunpowder, the compass and the printing press spread all over the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain also spread all ove
9、r the world through the Silk Road. And Europe exported all kinds of goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market.4.中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似，过中秋节的习俗与唐代早期在中国各地开始流行，中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006 年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008 年又被定为公共假日，月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食
10、，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“ 寿”(longevity)、 “福” 或“和”等字样。Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America. The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festival became popular throughou
11、t China in the 33early Tang dynasty. The lunar August 15 is a day for people worshiping the moon. On this day, under the dazzling bright moon, families reunite and enjoy the moons beauty. In 2006, Mid-Autumn festival was listed as one of Chinas cultural heritage, and in 2008, it was classified as a
12、public holiday. Moon cakes, as indispensable delicious food of the festival, were gifts people sent to families and friends during the festival and usually eaten on family gatherings. There are characters of “longevity”,“good fortune”and “harmony” on the Traditional moon cakes.5.中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口约占世
13、界总人口的 22%。在过去相当长的时期里，由于诸多原因， 贫困一直困扰着中国。20 世纪 80 年代中期，中国农村绝大多数地区凭借自身的发展优势，经济得到快速增长， 但少数地区由于经济、社会、历史、自然等方面的制约，发展相对滞后。中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发 展的进程中，在全国范围内实施了以解决贫困人口温饱问题为主要目标的有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开 发，极大地缓解了贫困现象。China is the worlds largest developing country, the population accounts for about 22% of the worlds populati
14、on. In quite long period in the past, due to many reasons, and poverty are still with China. In the mid-1980s, the vast majority of rural areas of China with its own advantages, the development of rapid economic growth, but a few areas such as economy, society, history, natural constraints, developm
15、ent relative lag. The Chinese government is working on the process of economic and social comprehensive development, implemented across the country in order to solve the problem of poor food and clothing as the main target of planned and organized mass poverty reduction drive, which greatly alleviat
16、es the poverty.6.北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅 是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够 4 到 10 个家庭的差不多 20 口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下来。There are countless Hutongs in Beijing . Ordinary people in the Hutong life brought boundless charm to the ancient capital of Beijing. Beijings Hutongs are not only ordinary people living environment, but also an art. Usually, Hutong is a painting, 44with rooms enough for 4 to 10 famil
