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1、 UNIT4 词汇短语辨析1 close v n, adj, v.He soon brought the meeting to a close.Although Tom is from England, he has some close friends in China.I dont need to get up early,because my home is close to our school.The shop was closed when I got there.If you close your eyes, you cant see anything.2 Seat n, v T
2、ake a seat have a seat sit down be seatedtake ones seat 就坐，坐某人的位置Take ones place 代替取代某人的职业或地位Eg The boy stood up quickly and asked the old man to take his seat.Mr. Wang was ill yesterday, so I took his place.3Closes, clothing, cloth, dressCloses 指较具体的“衣服”的总称，也可表不同种类的衣服或一套衣服。复数 名词，前可加 many, these, th
3、ose 修饰Clothing 指抽象的“衣服”的总称也可表示一件衣服，是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数Cloth 不可数名词， 意为“布料” Eg school clothes sports clothes a suit of clothes Our clothing protects us against the cold.A coat is an article of clothing.Several meters of cloth.4 How do you like ./ What do you think of ./ How do you feel about .用于 询问某人对事物的看法
4、。Eg How do you like the novels written by Hanhan.What does Betty think of her birthday present?How do you feel about the movie Avatar?5 Way 路，路线；方式，方法He asked me the way to London.The best way to learn English is to use it.The way to do 做某事的方法，方法 the way of sth 常见 way 构成的短语By the way 顺便问一下 on the wa
5、y to .在去.的路上No way 绝不 all the way 一路上，一直In a way 在某种程度上 in the way 造成不便或阻碍6 No problem 不用谢， 没关系， 没问题用于回答以下问题Thank you very much.Excuse me for smoking here.Would you mind my keeping it for another week?Can you make a kite?(Thats) no problem. I can lend you what you need.辨析 problem questionProblem 为“难
6、题”，要人花费精力去解决。常构成“solve the problem” 解 决问题Question 指人人可提的一般性的问题，不一定为难题。常构成ask / answer the question. Eg May I ask you a question?I have a problem with my English now.Problem students 指习惯不好，不遵守校规的学生7 Think about ; think of Think of 想要，打算；想出，想到； 关心，想着；想起记起Helen, are you thinking of marrying Tom?Who tho
7、ught of the idea?Lei Feng, was always thinking of others.I cant think of his name.Think about 表示“ 回想起过去的事情 ”， “考虑某计划是否可行”时一般不和 think of 互换Eg I often thought about what you said.两个短语表示“考虑”， “对.有某种看法时”可以互换8 Service n. 服务 serve vThe service in this restaurant is excellent. Service 表示饭店，旅馆等的服务情况时 为抽象名词，
8、不可数。9 Act ， perform 表演. 两者都为“ 演出”, 常可互换Act 强调的是 “扮演（某角色） ”，一般指戏剧，电影，主语通常是人。Perform 强调的是 “表演（给人看） ” 侧重于表演的能力，技巧，效果； 除了指 戏剧电影外还包括乐器演奏及舞蹈；主语除了是人还可以指动物。10 others 其他人 不定代词的复数形式辨析 other; others; the other; the others; another Other 表示“ 另外的”，只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果前面有 the, that, some, any, each, every, no
9、,one, my, your, his 等，则可和单数名词连用。Eg put it in your other hand. Others 表示“别的人或物（但不是全部） ，是 other 的复数形式，不能作定语，可以构 成“some.others”Eg Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports.Another 表示“ 任何一个，另一个” ， 指三者或三者以上中的任意一个，用作形容词或代词。Eg I dont like this one . Please show me another.The other 表示“ 两
10、者中的另一个 ”， 常与 one 连用，构成 one . the other. , 作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余的全部” 。Eg On the other side of the street, there is a tree.The others 特指“其余的人或物”, 是 the other 的复数形式。11 have fun = enjoy yourself 后接 ing 形式， 表示做某事很有意思For fun 取乐，非认真的12 show，显示 表演，娱乐，栏 n , v There is a talk show on the wenkend.The talent show is
11、 very good.给.看，出示结构 show sb sth 或 show sth to sbEg Please show your ticket to me.Uncle Wang is going to show us around his farm.13 all kinds of.各种各样的A kind of .一种. An apple is a kind of fruit.Many kinds of . 很多种. There are many kinds of trees in the forest.All kinds of .各种各样的. The boy has all kinds
12、of toys.Kind of .有点儿. I feel kind of sorry for him.Kind 还可以作为形容词，意为“善良的”Eg Mr. Smith is a very kind man.14 decide v . Decision n.The question will be decided by themselves. 问题将由他们自己决定接不定式Decide to do sth =make up ones mind to do sth = make a decision to do sthWe havent decided when to start. 接从句It i
13、s not decided whether we will go there.Lets first decide where we should go.接介词短语（on 或 upon, 表示“就某事做出决定” ）Dont decide on important matters too quickly.15 be up to 由.决定Eg An Indian or a Chinese meal? Tis up to you.其它意思表示“从事于，忙于” 后接名词，代词或动词 ing Eg Go and see what these naughty boys are up to.表示“应有某人做某
14、事”常用 it 做形式主语It is up to me to get the four of us moving.该我来召集我们四个人动起来。表示“胜任，适合”多用于否定句或疑问句Li Ping is not up to his work.表示“及得上，比得上”The new book of Smiths is not up to his last.16 play a role in 在. 中起作用Blake plays a very important role in this programe. Play/ perform a role 扮演角色17 .are made up to .被编
15、造的He is very quick at making up excusesMake from “由.制成” Butter is made from milk.Make of “用.做成” The bridge is made of steel.Make into “把.转变为，使成为” They made the story into a play.18 For example 例如辨析 for example 与 such as For example 一般只举同类人或物中的一个为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可放句首，句中，句末Such as 常列举同类人或物中的几个例子可以和 and so on 连用China has many big cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and so on.
