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1、 虚拟语气的使用范围及判断一虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于 if 条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。二 if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断If 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句（如在阴天说 if it rains, we would not go out），反之为非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。三假设条件一般为：1） 与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句动词为情态动词完成时态。e.g. If I had come here yesterday, I would have seen him.2） 与现在事实相反，
2、从句谓语动词用一般过去时，主句动词为情态动词动词原形。e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.3） 与将来事实可能相反，从句谓语动词用过去将来时，主句动词为情态动词动词原形。e.g. If it should snow tomorrow, they couldnt go out.主句谓语动词为情态动词（should, would, could）和相应的从句一致的动词形式。四 if 条件句中如果有 were, should, had, 可以省去 if, 并使用倒装句序。 宾语从句中的虚拟语气一 wish 后面宾语从
3、句中的虚拟语气：根据从句的意义来判断：1与现在和将来相反的事实，从句谓语动词用过去时态；e.g. I wish I were a bird. 2与过去相反的事实，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。e.g. I wished he hadnt done that. 二表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气从句用“should + 动词原形”构成。而且 should 可以省去。用于此结构的动词有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, sug
4、gest等。e.g. I insisted that he (should) go with them. He suggest that a meeting (should) be held to discuss the matter. He demanded that I (should) help him. 注意：当 insist 表示“坚持认为”、suggest 表示“表明，显示”时，不用虚拟语气。e.g. He insisted that he was honest.The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied w
5、ith what I had done for him. 三 would rather + 从句在这种结构中，从句的谓语动词用过去形式表示虚拟。e.g. I would rather you did this instead of me. 主语从句中的虚拟语气一 It be + 形容词+ that. (should).用于该句型的形容词有： necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising, etc. e.g. It is necessary that we
6、 should get everything ready by the end of the week. Its natural that he should feel hurt. 一些名词也可用于此结构中，如 a pity, no wonder, .二 It be + 过去分词 that(should)用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如： desired, suggested, requested, ordered, proposed 等。e.g. It is desired that the building of the house be complete
7、d next month. 三 It is time (about time/ high time) that.(过去时动词虚拟语气 虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分含有 were， should， 或had时， 可省略 if，再把were， should 或 had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装。例如：Were they here now， they could help us. =If they were here now， they could help us.他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。Had you come earlier， you would have met him. =I
8、f you had come earlier， you would have met him.你来得早一点，就碰到他了。Should it rain， the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain， the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was，即在从句中 be用were代替。例如：If I were you， I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。If he were here， everything would
9、 be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。典型例题_ to do the work， I should do it some other day.A. If were I B. I wereC. Were ID. Was I答案 C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有 were， should， had 这三个词，通常将 if省略，主语提前，变成 were， should， had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do， 而不能说 Werent I to do.We are all for
10、 your proposal that the discussion should be put off(推迟)六、名词从句虚拟语气(1) ask, advise, beg, command, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, require, recommend, request, suggest, urge 等表示命令、要求、建议等含义的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用(should)+动词原形, eg. I suggest / suggested that we (should) go tomorrow.名词从句
11、虚拟语气 (2) It is +(形容词/ 过去分词/ 特定名词)+that 的从句中，形容词主要是表示令人吃惊的、重要的、必要的、关键的等词汇。形容词：astonishing, amazing, advisable, appropriate, crucial, desirable, essential, important, imperative, keen, necessary, natural, normal, odd, proper, preferable, strange, sorry, shocked, surprising, urgent, unusual, vital 等。名词从句虚拟语气 (3) 过去分词：decided, desired, demanded, ordered, requested, recommended, suggested 等; 名词：advice, decision, desire, demand, suggestion, motion, pray, resolution, wish, preference, proposal, recommendation, requirement, idea, order 等
