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1、1虚拟语气用于条件状语从句温故知新 以前我们学过虚拟语气用于条件状语从句，表示对现在和将来情况的假设。现在我们再来简单复习一下这两种情况并学习对过去情况的假设！I.对现在情况的假设：表示现在实际上并不存在的情况。条件状语从句 主句与现在事实相反 If + 主语 + 动词过去式（be 动词通常用_）主语+ _ _+ 动词原形如：如果他们在这儿，他们会帮你: If they _ here, they would help you. II.对将来情况的假设：表示将来不大可能实现的情况。条件状语从句 主句与将来事实相反 A. If+主语+_（be 动词通常用 were）B If+主语+_+动词原形C
2、If+主语+_+动词原形主语 + would / should / could / might + 动词原形小试 指出下列句子是对哪种情况的假设。1. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. 对_情况的假设2. If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 对_ 情况的假设3. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. 对_情况的假设III.请观察下面三个句子，注意主句和从句中谓语动词的使用。1. In th
3、e past, if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam, he would have had no chance of getting a degree.过去，像我这样不能够通过高考而进入大学的人是没有机会拿到学位的。2. In the past, if someone had worked for a company for over 20 years, they would have stayed there until retirement!过去，如果一个人在一家公司工作了
4、二十多年，他就会留在那家公司直到退休。3. If the trees and flowers _(water) more, they _(grow)even better.如果给这些树木和花草多浇一些水的话，它们会长得更好。4. In the past, if I _ (want to see) them, I _ (have to visit )them in person.这三个句子都表示说话者对过去事实的一种推测，它们都有一种相同的表达方式，即：条件状语从句 主句与过去事实相反 If + 主语 + _时 主语+ would / should / could / might + _+ _2
5、如：If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made progress.（解析：这句话的意思是：要不是他当时生病缺了许多课，他早就进步了。言下之意是由于他生病缺了许多课，所以他没有取得进步。 ）If she had worked hard, Susan would have succeeded.（解析：这句话的意思是：如果苏珊当初努力的话，她早就成功了。事实上_，所以没有成功。 ）IV. 知识拓展 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were, should 或 had, 可将 if 省略，再把 were, shou
6、ld 或had 移到从句句首，构成倒装。If they were here now, they could help us. = Were they here now, they could help us.If it should rain, the crops would be saved. = _ it rain, the crops would be saved.If you had come earlier, you would have met him. = _ _ _ _ , you would have met him.即学即练 . 翻译下列句子。1. 如果她有时间，她会跟你一
7、起去的。_, _2. 如果我是男孩，我就去参军。If I _ (be) a boy, I would join the army.3. 如果你能更小心一点，米饭就不会烧焦了。If you had been more careful, the rice _ (be burnt).4. 如果明天下雨，足球赛就要延期。If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match _( put off). 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1 _ fired, your health care and other benefits will
8、 not be immediately cut off.（2006 湖北）A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 2 _ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.(2007 全国卷)A. If B. Since C. Though D. When3. If you _ 100 years ago, you probably wouldnt have graduated from high school.A. lived B. had li
9、ved C. were living D. would live III. 适当形式填空:1. If the exam _ (not be) so difficult, I _(pass).2. If he _ (put on) a tie, they _ (allow) him to enter the restaurant.3. If he _ (not be) sick, he _ (join) us for the tour .4. If it _ (not rain), we _ (go) to the beach.3wish 后宾语从句中的虚拟语气及 should have 的用法
10、请仔细观察下面 3 组含有 wish 的句子，注意黑体部分，并总结 wish 后接宾语从句的虚拟语气的用法和从句中谓语动词的形式：1. I wish I knew his address. 我真希望我知道他的地址。(事实上我不知道他的地址。表示与_事实相反的愿望。)I wish the weather werent so cold. 要是天不那么冷就好了。(事实上天气很冷。表示与_ 事实相反的愿望。)2 He wished that he hadnt said that. 他真希望他当时没有那么说。(但事实上他已经那么说了。表示与_事实相反的愿望。)I wish I could have sl
11、ept longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. 我真希望今天早上能够多睡一会，但是我不得不早起赶去上课。(事实上我今天早晨还是早起了。表示与_事实相反的愿望。)3 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我真希望明天会下雨。（事实上明天不会下雨。表示与_事实相反的愿望。 ）I wish he could go with me. 我真希望他会和我一起去。（事实上他不会和我一起去。表示与_事实相反的愿望。 ）及时总结 虚拟语气用于 wish 后的宾语从句中:用法 谓语动词的形式与现在事实相反 用_
12、 (be 动词通常用_ )与过去事实相反 用_或 could / would / might have + 过去分词与将来事实相反 用_等 + 动词原形练一练 从所给的 A、B、C 、D 中选出最佳选项填入空白处。1. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!(2002 上海春)A. has B. had C. will have D. had had2. I really wish such an argument _ soon.A. will stop B. stopped C. would stop
13、D. had stopped3. I wish I _ my uncle yesterday.A. had met B. would met C. met D. have met4. Have you ever been to Beijing? No, but I wish I _.A. have B. will C. do D. had仔细阅读以下几个课文中的句子，体会 should have done 和 shouldnt have done 在句中的意思。I know that I wasnt a willing student and I shouldnt have been so difficult at school, but it was probably because I lacked confidence.(P40)我上学时不是一个特别听话的学生， 我知道自己_这么叛逆，但那也4许是因为我缺乏自信。He was
