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1、英语句子的种类,简单句 (simple sentence),并列句 (compound sentence),复合句 (complex sentence = 主句 + 从句),主语 不及物动词 （ S + Vi ） 主语 及物动词 宾语 ( S + Vt + O) 主语 系动词 表 (S + LV + predicative) 主语双宾动词+间宾+直宾(S +Vt +O.indir+O. dir) 主语 宾补动词 宾语 宾语补语 (S + Vt. + O + O. compl) There + be / stand/ lie / live.,简单句的五种基本句型,主语、动词（不及物动词、及物动词
2、、双宾动词、系动词、宾补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。 完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成分，至多4个基本成分。,并列句,需把几个意思连接在一起时，可用分号或把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。,用分号： We fished all day; we didnt catch a thing.,用分号，后跟一个连接副词： We fished all day; however, we didnt catch a thing.,用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等） We fished all day, but (we) didnt catch a thin
3、g.,常用并列连词coordinating conjunctions,表联合的连词 表转折或对比的连词： 表选择的连词： 表因果的连词：,and, when(=and just at this time就在这时)等,but(但是，可是), while(而，却), yet(可是)等。,or(或者, 还是；否则), otherwise(要不然)等。,for(因为), so(因此)等,其它平行结构：notbut, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, would ratherthan(宁愿不愿 ), rather than(而不), as well as(既
4、也)等。,。,1.when相当于and then, just then, at the time,一般放在第二个分句句首. We played outside till sunset when it began to rain. I was about to go to bed when it began to rain. 2 比较but和 however 的用法 He said it was so; he was mistaken, however 3.while表示对照关系 He asked his father why he couldnt hatch chickens while he
5、ns could.,4. for, so 连接并列句表示因果关系 for引导的分句是对前面的句子加以解释或推断,一般用逗号隔开.引导的句子不用于句首. Someone is coming , for the dog is barking . He shook his head, for he thought differently so表示因果关系 It was late, so I must go home. 比较:so 和therefore I know little about it; therefore I cant give you any advice.,改错：并列连词的误用和 漏
6、用,1 or与 and混用 2 but与and混用 3 but，although连用，但yet,still可与although连用 4 so与because连用。 5.并列连词的漏用 1) (2015) In the countryside , the air is clean or the mountain are clean. 2) (2013) He had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our town, he was strong and powerful.,4. My roommate was sleeping,
7、we didnt want to wake her up. 5. I went to bed. Because I was tired.,My roommate was sleeping . We didnt want to wake her up. My roommate was sleeping, so we didnt want to wake her up. I went to bed because I was tired.,并列连词是否连接同等的成分 改错 1.( 2015 II) A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait out
8、side the shop. 2.(2015II)We can lie on the grass for a rest ,or sat by the lake listening to music . 3.Not only did we write to her , but also telephoned her. 4.,Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open. . I have tried to advise her _ she wont listen 3. I then realized she had no arms _
9、 legs， just a head， neck and torso. 4. He took the old man not just across the river，_ to his home 5He found it increasingly difficult to read, _his eyesight was beginning to fail.,and,一、单句填空,灵活运用,.,but/yet,for,but,or,6. Start out right away, _ youll miss the first train. . We were swimming in the l
10、ake _ suddenly the storm started. 8 We are going to the bookstore in Johns car. You can come with us _ you can meet us there later 9. Some of us dont have much pocket money, _they feel unhappy. 10. 79.3 of the surveyed netizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a better
11、 life _67.7 claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate.,or,when,or,so,while,二、单句改错,1. Unfortunately, I wont be able to meet you at the airport although I have an important meeting to attend. although because 因“我有一个重要的会议要出席”是“我不能去机场接你”的原因，引导原因状语从句，用because。 2. The climate here is ple
12、asant. It is neither too hot or too cold. or nor 因neithernor. (既不也不)是固定搭配。,3. Although he was the wealthiest man in the town, but he didnt feel happy at all. 去掉 but 因已有连词Although (虽然) 了，后面就不再用but了。 4. He could have won the match. Otherwise, he broke his leg. Otherwise However 句意是：他本来可以赢这场比赛的，然而，他摔断了
13、腿。,5. You have to review all your lessons, and you wont pass the exam. and or 因“祈使句+or(否则)+陈述句(用一般将来时)”是固定句式。 6. The chance to win the match is slim, so they wont easily give up. so but/yet 前后意义是转折关系。,7. Last year, Sandra immigrated to Spain and she didnt seem to adapt to the life there, she move ba
14、ck to China.,(1) and but 根据句子意思，前后是转折关系，用but。 (2) 在she moved之前加上so 这两个句子之间缺少连词，而且“返回”是“不适应”的结果，引出结果的分句用so(因此)。,8. I will be free all the weekend, therefore, either Saturday and Sunday is OK.,(1) therefore so 因therefore只能做副词，不能作为连词连接两个句子；或在therefore前加and。 (2) and or 因eitheror 是固定搭配。,9. As the lecture
15、 is uninteresting and dull, so more and more listeners began to leave. 去掉so 因前面已有连词As (因为)了，就不再用连词了。 10. All of us are in favor of the idea of doing sports every day, but it is beneficial to our health greatly. but because 后句表示原因，引导原因状语从句用because。,(武汉调研4月) Put yourself in situations where you will b
16、e forced to communicate in English, _ you will see more progress over time. A. or B. so C. yet D. and (崇文4月) You must get up early in the morning, _ well have to leave without you and B. but C. or D. so (06 四川, 24) Start out right away, _ youll miss the first train. A. and B. but C. or D. while,(05江苏, 34)Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process_ it requires attention as well as money and imagination. un
