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1、 http:/托福考试阅读加试之苏美尔文明（版本二）托福阅读加试是很多小伙伴在考试中比较在意的地方，于是为大家整理了托福考试阅读加试的相关内容，本文中带来的是有关苏美尔文明的加试内容，大家可以进行学习，希望能够给准备托福阅读的同学带来帮助。托福阅读加试：苏美尔文明版本二1 、It is an astonishing fact that human civilization should have emerged into the light of history in two separate places at just about the same time. Between 3,500
2、and 3,000 B.C. when Egypt was being united under pharaonic rule, another great civilization arose in Mesopotamia, the “land between the rivers.” And for close to three thousand years, the two rival centers retained their distinct characters, even though they had contact with each other from their ea
3、rliest beginnings, and their destinies were interwoven in many ways. The pressure that forced the inhabitants of both regions to abandon the pattern of Neolithic village life may well have been the same. But the valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, unlike that of the Nile, is not a narrow fert
4、ile strip protected by desert on either side. It resembles a wide, shallow trough with few natural defenses, crisscrossed by two great rivers and their tributaries, and is easily encroached upon from any direction.1. The word astonishing in the passage is closest in meaning to http:/(A) important(B)
5、 unknown(C) amazing(D) interesting2. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage？Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.(A) A great civilization arose in Mesopotamia, the “land bet
6、ween the rivers” under pharaonic rule.(B) Egypt and another great civilization both developed in Mesopotamia between 3500 and 3000 B.C.(C) A great civilization arose in Mesopotamia between 3500 and 3000 B.C. at the same time that ancient Egypt was being united.(D) As Egypt was being united under pha
7、raonic rule, a great civilization arose there.3.The phrase its substance refers to(A) the political history of ancient Mesopotamia(B) divine kingship(C) Egypt http:/(D) the sudden collapse of military power4.The word obscure in the passage is closest in meaning to(A) unclear(B) unique(C) controversi
8、al(D) important5.The author mentions Nor did they share the Egyptians concern with the hereafter, in order to(A) To provide one explanation for the relatively few physical remains of ancient Sumerian society.(B) To explain why ancient Sumerian built with mud brick and wood rather thanwith stone.(C)
9、To help account for the fact that tombs and vaulted chambers have been found only at Ur.(D) To counter the claim that all ancient societies paid great attention to the afterlife.6.According to the passage, it can be inferred that the City of Ur is located in(A) Egypt(B) Persia http:/(C) northern Mes
10、opotamia(D) near the confluence of Tigris and Euphrates7.The word vast in the passage is closest in meaning to(A) random(B) very large(C) surprising(D) relatively small8.According to paragraph 2 and 3, the physical characteristics of Mesopotamia affected Sumerian civilization in all of the following
11、 ways EXCEPT(A) Foreign invasions were made easy.(B) Creating and maintaining political stability was made difficult.(C) Continuity of cultural and artistic traditions could not be achieved.(D) Sumerian architecture could not produce long-lasting structures.9. Look at the four that indicate where th
12、e following sentence could be added to the passage. Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage. Despite these achievements, scholars know much less about Sumerian life than they would like.Where would the sentence best fit?10.According to paragraph 4, what evidence is used to support the c
13、laim that the idea of divine ownership was not a mere pious fiction”? http:/(A) The idea of divine ownership originated with the kings of Sumerian city-state.(B) The idea of divine ownership was the reason why a large part of the harvest was offered to the god.(C) The idea of divine ownership eventu
14、ally came to replace “theocratic socialism”.(D) The idea of divine ownership served as the basis for the economic organization of Sumerian society.11.The word considerable in the passage is closest in meaning to(A) substantial(B) fixed(C) valuable(D) limited12. In the above passage, all of the follo
15、wing were true of the local god EXCEPT(A) The local god owned everything and everyone in the city-state.(B) The local god represented the subjects of the city-stat to other gods.(C) The local god communicated with the people of the city-state through a human ruler.(D) The local god sometimes fought against the local god of rival city-states. http:/SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION 答案1. astonishing = amazing2. sentence simplification =A great civilization arose in Mesopotamia between 3,50 and 3,000 B.C. at the same time that ancie
