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1、Unit 2 Working the land,Working the land,Grammar,Period 4,动名词作主语和宾语,一、概念,doing,done,to do,动名词,现在分词,非 谓 语 动 词,看图完成下面的句子。,_ _ is my favorite sport.,Playing football,_ _ _ is dangerous.,Playing with fire,_ _ _ is a good habit.,Getting up early,_ is an art.,Reading,1. 直接置于句首 (1)Playing tricks on others
2、is something we should never do 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。 (2)Learning new words is very important for me 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 (3)Talking is easier than doing. 说比做容易。,动词-ing 形式作主语,2.ing短语后置,常出现在一些固定结构中： no use no good no fun Its + a shame + doing a waste of time/money useless dangerous hardly/scarcely worth worthwhil
3、e There is no + doing. There is no use doing sth. There is no sense in dong sth.,1) It is no use crying over the spilt milk. 洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。 2) Its no use/good arguing with her. 3) It is fun playing with children. 4) Its a shame copying others homework. 5) Its a waste of time waiting here. 6) Theres no p
4、oint (in) getting angry.,动名词的复合结构作主语,Toms coming surprised us. His being careless led to the accident. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。,No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ).,No parking.,1)动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。,Reading books widens our knowledge. 2)动名词的被动式（being done),也可当主语。 Being laughed at is a painful thing. 3) 动名
5、词的否定式，是在doing前加上not. Not working hard will result in failure. 4) 动词不定式和动名词都可以做主语。在意义上相近。动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象或习惯性动作；不定式多用来表示特指或某次具体的动作。 _(Walking/To walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old.,TIPS,看图完成下面的句子。,The flower needs _ .,watering,I enjoy _ _.,roller skating,S. + vt.+ doing 避免错过 (少) 延期
6、avoid, miss, delay / postpone 建议完成 (多) 练习 suggest / advise, finish, practise 喜欢想象禁不住 enjoy/appreciate, imagine/fancy, resist/cant help 承认 否定 (与) 嫉妒 admit , deny, envy 逃脱 冒险 (莫) 原谅 escape, risk , pardon / excuse, forgive 忍受 保持 (不) 在意 stand , keep, mind,动词-ing 形式作宾语,作介词的宾语: look forward to be used to
7、put off give up S. + keep on + doing succeed in devote to object to lead to stick to get down to feel like be busy (with)/(in) have trouble/difficulty/problems (in),1) She sat there without speaking. 2) I look forward to seeing him again. 3) Are you used to living there alone? 4) When my father hear
8、d the news, he couldnt help laughing. 5) I dont feel like going to see the film. 6) He was busy preparing his lessons.,某些词后既可加不定式又可加动名词，但意义截然不同,如：,go on to do (做完一件事后)接着做另一件事 go on doing 继续做（原来做的事） After a break, the teacher went on _ (to give /giving) his lesson remember to do 记着要做 （动作未发生） remember
9、 doing 记得做过（动作已发生） I remembered to post the letter.我要记住把信寄出去。（未寄）I remembered posting/having post the letter.我记得把信寄出去。 （已寄）,forget to do 忘了去做 （没做） forget doing/having done 忘记以前曾做过 （做过忘了） I forgot to post the letter. 我忘了去寄信。(没寄） I forgot posting/having post the letter. 我忘了曾寄过信了。(寄了，但忘了）,regret to do
10、(say/tell/inform/announce) 遗憾地 (对将要做的事抱歉) regret doing/having done 后悔做了 (对已经发生的事感到后悔),I regret _ (say) I cant come. I regret _(spend) so much money the on car. mean to do 打算做（主语一般是人） mean doing 意味着（主语一般是物） You really mean _ (go) Being late means _ (wait) for another hour.,try to do 设法 /尽力/努力去做 try d
11、oing 尝试着去做（看有何结果）,Since the front door wont open, why not try _ (open) the back door? Try _ (write) better in your exam. stop to do 停下来做（另一件事） stop doing 停止做（原来做的事） He stopped _ (say) to his teacher on the way. When the bell rang, we stopped _ (talk),cant help (to) do 不能帮助做 cant help doing 禁（忍）不住做 I
12、 cant help _ (cook). Im too busy.On hearing joke, they couldnt help _(laugh). be used to do 被用来做 be used to doing 习惯于/适应于 Wood is used to _ (make) paper. He has been used to_ (get) up early.,动名词表示被动意义:动词 need, require, want, deserve 表示“需要”时，其后跟动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式作宾语。即: need/want/require+ doing =need/wa
13、nt/require+ to be doneThe door needs/wants/requires _(repair) _,1. _ provides us with essential nutrients (营养), while _ provides us with oxygen. A. To eat; breathing B. Eating; to breathe C. Eating; breathing D. Eaten; breathed,Practice,2. Have you forgotten _ 1000 yuan from me last month? Will you
14、please remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing,3. My sister keeps _ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped 4. We should often practise _ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking,5. The
15、 story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt help but to laugh,6. Though it sounds a bit too dear, it is worth _. A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it 7. He devoted his life to _ super hybrid rice . A. study B. be studied C. studying D. have studie
